Note: Names for which I have no derivations or about which I have further questions are being put on a separate page here and will be investigated further at a later date. I have included names which are no longer current because the individuals which these names commemorate nevertheless contributed to Southern African flora and deserve to be recognized and remembered.

Labourdonnaisia: for Count Bertrand François Mahé de La Bourdonnais, French Governor of Mauritius, and a patron of botany. (CRC World Dictionary of Plant Names)

Lachenalia: for Professor Werner de Lachenal (1739–1800), Swiss botanist who was stationed at the University of Basel during the late 18th century. (PlantzAfrica, CRC World Dictionary of Plant Names)

lacourtianum (Dialium):

Lagerheimina: possibly for Nils Gustaf Lagerheim (1860-1926), Swedish botanist.

Laggera: for Dr. Franz Josef Lagger (1802-1870), Swiss physician and botanist. (CRC World Dictionary of Plant Names)

lalandii: for Pierre Antoine Delalande (1787-1823), French naturalist, explorer and painter from Versailles. He worked at the Musée d’Histoire Naturelle in Paris and accompanied Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire in 1808 to Portugal to collect zoological specimens. In 1816 he went with botanist Auguste Saint-Hilaire to Brazil and in 1818 jounreyed to southern Africa where he made three trips into the interior, bringing back to Paris over 13,000 zoological specimens, 10,000 insects, a mineral collection and an extensive herbarium. (Elsa Pooley; JSTOR). Hypericum lalandii is the only southern African botanical taxon with this name, but he is also commemorated in the names of a crab, a lobster and a shark.

Lamarckia: for Jean Baptiste Antoine Pierre de Monnet de Lamarck (1744-1829), the great French scientist, biologist, naturalist, paleontologist, conchologist, botanist at the Jardin des Plantes in Paris, professor of zoology at the Museum d'Histoire Naturelle in Paris, author of Flore françoise and Philosophie Zoologique. (CRC World Dictionary of Plant Names)

lamarckiana (Aspalathus): Jean Baptiste Antoine Pierre de Monnet de Lamarck?

lambii: almost certainly for Ivan Mackenzie Lamb (later Elke Mackenzie) (1911-1990), born London, graduated Edinburgh University, in 1935 appointed Assistant Keeper of the Department of Botany in the British Museum of Natural History, participated as a botanist on a secret British expedition to the Antarctic in 1943, lived in Argentina and Canada, became an authority on marine algae and Antarctic lichens, died of Lou Gehrig's disease.

lambtoniana: David Holllombe's researches have turned up the fact that the type of Ipomoea lambtoniana, now synonymized to I. oblongata, was collected near Ladysmith in Natal, and that there was an English naval officer, Admiral of the Fleet The Hon. Sir Hedworth Meux (pronounced Mews), formerly The Hon. Hedworth Lambton (1856-1929), who was famous for bringing help in 1899 to the British forces in a notable action during the 2nd Boer War known as the Siege of Ladysmith. He changed his name from Lambton to Meux as a con-dition of inheriting the large estate of the husband of Valerie Lady Meux (née Langdon, a.k.a. Val Reece) who seems to have been somewhat enamored of him. Upon his return to Great Britain, he found himself a national hero, was praised by Queen Victoria, and honored with a reception and celebratory march through London which were among the first events ever recorded on film. The taxon was published in 1901 by British botanist Alfred Barton Rendle. (Wikipedia)

lancasteri: for Alan Percy-Lancaster (1944-1995), South African amateur botanist and succulent plant enthusiast. (Etymological Dictionary of Succulent Plant Names)

Lancisia: for Giovanni Maria Lancisi (1654-1720), Italian clinician, professor of anatomy and medicine, epidemiologist, and physician to Popes Innocent XI, Innocent XII, and Clement XI. (CRC World Dictionary of Plant Names)

Landolphia: for Jean Francois Landolphe (1747-1825), commander of an expedition to the Niger delta. (CRC World Dictionary of Plant Names)

Landtia: for Jergen Landt, author of A Description of the Faroe Islands. (CRC World Dictionary of Plant Names)

langii: for Herbert Lang (?-1957), plant collector who collected Hoodia langii in South Africa in 1933 and Ritchiea langii in 1932.

Lapeirousia: for Philippe Picot de Lapeyrouse (Lapeirouse) Baron de Bazus (1744-1818), French botanist and minerologist, professor of natural history at Toulouse University. (CRC World Dictionary of Plant Names)

Laportea: for François Louis Nompar de Caumat de Laporte Castelnau (1810-1880), English-born French naturalist, entomologist, plant collector in Florida and South America, spent a couple of years at the Cape, then was French Consul in Australia (CRC World Dictionary of Plant Names). Gledhill gives an M. Laporte, 19th century entomologist, who is likely the same person.

Larochea: for Daniel Delaroche (de la Roche) (1743-1813), received a medical degree with a botanical thesis from the University of Leiden in 1766, practiced as a physician in Geneva for ten years, then moved to Paris where he became physician to the Swiss Guards. In 1792 during the Revolution he left Paris for London and then Lausanne. He maintained his interest in botany and aided the young Swiss botanist A.P. de Candolle. In 1798 he returned to Paris. The genus Rochea in the Fabaceae was named for him.

Larryleachia: for Leslie Charles (Larry) Leach (1909-1996), British-born amateur botanist who moved to Rhodesia in 1938, collected in Angola, Botswana, Namibia, Mozambique, South Africa and Zimbabwe, awarded the Harry Bolus Medal by the Botanical Society of South Africa, interested particularly in succulents such as Stapeliads, Euphorbias and Aloes. The genus Larryleachia has been synonymized to Lavrania, published by South African botanist Darrel Charles Herbert Plowes in 1986. See also Leachia/leachii.

Lasallia: for a gardener-botanist named Lasalle at Fountainebleau and the Botanical Garden of Corsica. The genus was published in 1821 by French physician and botanist François Victor Mérat de Vaumartoise. (Dic-
tionnaire classique des sciences naturelles by August Drapiez; David Hollombe, pers. comm.)

lastii: for Joseph Thomas Last (1847-1933), student of the Swahili language, naturalist, traveller, appointed Commissioner of Slavery for the Island of Zanzibar, made expeditions to Madagascar and Portuguese East Africa, sent many specimens of new plants, especially orchids, to Kew, member of the Royal Geographical Society, author of Grammar of the Kamba Language, Eastern Equatorial Africa. (David Hollombe, pers. comm.)

Lastrea: for Charles Jean Louis Delastre (1792-1859), French lawyer and botanist, author of Flore analytique et descriptive du département de la Vienne. The genus was published in 1824 by Jean Baptiste Geneviève Marcellin Bory. (CRC World Dictionary of Plant Names)

lateganiae: for Mrs. J. Lategan (fl. 1937), a farmer's wife in the Western Cape. (Etymological Dictionary of Succulent Plant Names)

latimerae: for Marjorie Eileen Doris Courtenay-Latimer (1907-2004), South African plant collector, biologist and ichthyologist, first curator of the East London Museum which has the only extant dodo egg, discovered the coelacanth, excavated the fossil skeleton of the dicynodont Kannemeyeria simocephalus.

Launaea: for Jean Claude Mien Mordant de Launay (c.1750-1816), French lawyer, librarian at Museum d'Histoire Naturelle in Paris, and editor and author of horticultural works. (CRC World Dictionary of Plant Names, Elsa Pooley)

Laurembergia: for Peter Lauremberg (1585-1639), German botanist, rector of the University of Rostock, and professor at one time or another of subjects such as philosophy, mathematics, physics, poetry and medicine. (CRC World Dictionary of Plant Names)

Laurentia/laurentii: for (1) Marco Antonio Laurenti, 17th century Italian physician and botanist, professor of medicine and philosophy at Bologna University, or (2) Jean Laurent, French botanist. (CRC World Dictionary of Plant Names)

Laurera/laureri: for Johann Friedrich Laurer (1798-1873), German botanist, pharmacologist and lichenologist, professor at the University of Greifswald, visited South Africa. The genus Laurera was published originally by Heinrich Gottlieb Ludwig Reichenbach in 1841 and revised by French lichenologist Marie-Agnès Letrouit-Galinou in 1957.

lavallei (Crataegus):

Lavatera: for the Lavater brothers, Johann Heinrich (1611-1691) and Johann Jacob? (1594-1636), Swiss physicians and naturalists. (CRC World Dictionary of Plant Names)

lavisiae/lavisianum: for Mary Gwendolene Lavis (1903- ) (later Mrs. O'Connor-Fenton), a friend of Louisa Bolus, worked at Kew, Kirstenbosch and the Bolus Herbarium. (Elsa Pooley)

lavisii: for Sidney Warren Lavis (fl. 1927-1928), South African bishop and father of Mary G. Lavis. (Etymological Dictionary of Succulent Plant Names)

lavrani/Lavrania/lavranosii: for John Jacob Lavranos (1926- ), Greek-born South African botanist and plant collector. (Etymological Dictionary of Succulent Plant Names)

lawsonii: another example of confused records, to wit: Eggli & Newton say Antimima (Ruschia) lawsonii is for George M. Lawson (1865-1945), British missionary interested in succulent plants, and the JSTOR list of collectors does include an Archdeacon George Merwyn Lawon with those dates. But a JSTOR specimen record has Antimima lawsonii having been collected by a G.L. Lawson in South Africa in 1912. Probably just a typo.

Leachia/leachii: for Leslie (Larry) Charles Leach (1909-1996), British-born taxonomist, botanist and explorer who moved to Rhodesia in 1938, plant collector in Angola, South Africa, Kenya, Malawi, Tanzania, Mozam-
bique, and Zambia, electrical engineer, awarded the Harry Bolus Medal by the Botanical Society of South Africa, interested particularly in succulents such as Stapeliads, Euphorbias and Aloes. In 1981 he settled in South Africa, working at the National Botanic Garden at Worcester from 1982-89, and later was Honorary Research Fellow in the Department of Botany at the University of the North near Pietersburg. He was a Fellow of the Cactus and Succulent Society of America, and was honored with the generic names Leachia and Larryleachia, which have been synonymized to Lavrania, published by South African botanist Darrel Charles Herbert Plowes in 1986. He was also honored by the species name Eulophia leachii. (Elsa Pooley; CRC World Dictionary of Plant Names; Wikipedia)

lealii: for Fernando da Costa Leal (fl. 1859-1860), 19th century Portuguese army officer, geologist, cartographer and administrator in Angola whose maps greatly assisted F. Welwitsch in his travels. The problem is that there were two men of the same name, an uncle and a nephew. The nephew was born in 1846, so the above reference must be for the uncle, but it's confusing because they both were administrators in Portuguese Africa and they travelled together.

leari: for a plant collector named Lear who sent the seeds to England. (Paxton's Magazine of Botany and Register of Flowering Plants, Vol. 6)

Lebeckia: for a Mr. H.J. Lebeck (?-1800), Dutch botanist, traveller, merchant, plant collector in Indo-Malaya, and a student of Carl Thunberg (CRC World Dictionary of Plant Names; PlantzAfrica)

Lecomtedoxa/lecomtei: for Paul Henri Lemcomte (1856-1934), French botanist, professor at Lycée Saint-Louis in Paris, worked in the botany laboratory at the French Natural History Museum and eventually became Head of the Spermatophyte Division, took part in scientific expeditions to North Africa, Egypt, the Antilles, French Guiana and French Indo-China, and authored some fifteen books including works on the trees of Indochina and the trees and flowers of Madagascar. (Wikipedia, CRC World Dictionary of Plant Names)

Ledebouria: for Carl Friedrich von Ledebour (1785-1851), German botanist and professor of botany in the University of Tartu, Estonia, traveller and plant collector. His most significant works were Flora Altaica, the first flora of the Altay Mountains (1833), and Flora Rossica (1841-1853), the first complete flora of the Russian Empire. One of the new species he discovered was Malus sieversii (described as Pyrus sieversii) which is considered to be the sole ancestor of the cultivated apple. (CRC World Dictionary of Plant Names)

Ledermanniella/ledermannii: for Carl Ludwig Ledermann (1875-1958), Swiss horticulturist, traveller and explorer, plant collector in West Africa. (CRC World Dictionary of Plant Names)

ledienii: for Fr. Ledien (1859-1912), head gardener at the Dresden Botanical Garden. (Etymological Dictionary of Succulent Plant Names)

leeana: for James Lee (1715-1795), Scottish nurseryman, senior partner in the famous firm of nurserymen Lee & Kennedy of Hammersmith, London, the largest commercial distributor of protea plants during the late 18th and 19th centuries, commemorated with the former taxon Philippia leeana, now Erica exleeana.

leendertziae: for Reino Leendertz (later Mrs. Pott) (1869-1965), Dutch botanist and the first official botanist at employed at the Transvaal Museum. (Elsa Pooley)

Leersia: for Johann Georg Daniel Leers (1727-1774), German botanist and apothecary, author of Flora herbornensis (1775). (CRC World Dictionary of Plant Names, CRC World Dictionary of Grasses)

Lefeburea/Lefebvrea: for Charlemagne Théophile Lefebvre (1811-1860), French explorer and writer who participated in a voyage from 1838 to 1844 to study the natural history, geography, anthropology, linguistics, archeology and customs of Abyssinia. He published Voyage en Abyssinie exécutés pendant les années 1839, 1840, 1841, 1842, 1843 ... in 1845 with co-author Achille Richard, one of the leading botanists of his day, and the person who named this genus for Lefebvrea in 1840. S.F.L. Endlicher apparently changed the spelling of the name to Lefeburea in 1842 with no explanation, leading to confusion resulting in W.P.U. Jackson's mistaken attribution of the genus to Louis-François Henri Lefébure (1754-1839), a French botanist, co-author of Album floral des plantes indigènes de France. (Wikipedia)

legatii: for Charles Edward Legat (1876-1966), Scottish-born Conservator of Forests in Pretoria, Transvaal, came to South Africa in 1898, became Chief Conservator of Forests for South Africa from 1913 to 1931. (Gunn & Codd)

leipzigiae (Indigofera):

lehmannii/lehmanniana/lehmannianus: for Professor Johann Georg Christian Lehmann (1792-1860), a German botanist and plant collector who published the genus Encephalartos and described several cycad species in 1834 (PlantzAfrica), and was founder and director of the Hamburg Botanic Garden. He was a professor of physics and natural sciences at the "Gymnasium Academicum" in Hamburg and its head librarian. He also wrote many monographs. (Wikipedia)

leichtlinii: for Maximilian Leichtlin (1831-1910), German plant collector and botanist. He cultivated rare plants of which bulbs and tubers were his favorites, founded a botanical garden in Baden-Baden, and was one of the first to systematically hybridize orchids. Freesia leichtlinii is one of the taxa which bear his name.

Leightonia: for the Rev. William Allport Leighton (1805-1889), British botanist and lichenologist. (Journal of Botany, British and Foreign, Vol. 27 by Berthold Seemann)

leightoniae: for Miss Francis M. Leighton (later Mrs. Isaac) (1909-?), botanist at the Bolus Herbarium at the University of Cape Town. (Etymological Dictionary of Succulent Plant Names)

leightonii: for James Leighton (1855-1930), Scots-born horticulturist in South Africa. (Etymological Dictionary of Succulent Plant Names)

Leipoldtia/leipoldtii: for Christian Frederik Louis Leipoldt (1880-1947), South African physician, poet, author, journalist and writer, editor of the South African Medical Journal, traveller and plant collector especially of aloes and succulents, friend of Dr. P.L. Nortier, chief medical inspector of schools in the Transvaal, and war correspondent. (Gunn & Codd, CRC World Dictionary of Plant Names)

leistneri: for Otto Albrecht Leistner (1931- ), an emigre at a young age from Germany, living first in Tanzania and Zimbabwe before settling in South Africa, worked at the Botanical Research Institute in Pretoria and at Kew, was Head of Publications and scientific editor of Bothalia, Flora of Southern Africa, Memoirs of the Botanical Survey of South Africa and later Strelitzia, author of The Plant Ecology of the Southern Kalahari and Seed Plants of Southern Tropical Africa: Families and Genera, and collector of Dicliptera leistneri in South Africa in 1962. (Kevin Balkwill, pers. comm.)

Lejeunea: for Dr. Alexandre Louis Simon Lejeune (1779-1858), Belgian pharmacist and botanist of Verviers, sometimes called the 'Father of Belgian Botany.' He studied pharmacology and botany at Liege, then enrolled in medical school in 1801 at Paris. His medical studies were interrupted as a result of his conscription as a health officer into the 13th Regiment of Dragoons, during which time he was stationed in Holland, Pas-de-Calais (northern France) and Hanover (Germany), afterwards returning to civilian life as a doctor first in Ensival and then in Verviers, and conducting extensive botanical researches and writings. He was a member of the Belgian Royal Academy of Sciences and Letters and the Linnean Society of Paris, and was the author of several pub-
lications, Methodique of regne végétal Tableau du Département de l'Ourthe (1806), La flore de Spa (1811), and Revue de la flore des environs de Spa (1824), and the 3-vol. Compendium Florae Belgicae (1831) published with Belgian botanist Richard Joseph Courtois. The genus was published in 1820 by Belgian mycologist Marie-Anne Libert. (Wikpedia; Hugh Clarke, pers. comm.)

Lenormandia: for Sébastien-René Lenormand (1796-1871), French botanist, algologist and plant collector who had a particular interest in the Pacific flora. Another source described him as a lawyer by profession but a keen amateur botanist. The genus was published in 1855 by Ernst Gottlieb von Steudel. (CRC World Dictionary of Grasses)

Leobordia: for (Simon Joseph) Leon Emmanuel de Laborde (1807-1927), French botanist and geographer, author of A Flora of Arabia and Voyage dans ''Arabie-Pétrée, elected to the seat vacated by his father in the Chamber of Deputies. (Encyclopaedia Americana, Vol. 14)

leopoldii: for Leopold II of Belgium (1835-1909). (David Hollombe, pers. comm.)

leprieurii: for François Mathias René Leprieur (1799-1869), French navy pharmacist, who was stationed and collected in Senegal. From 1830 until his death he lived in French Guiana.

lerouxiae: Eggli & Newton list a Mrs. Olive le Roux (fl. 1923) for Ruschia lerouxiae (= Mesembryanthemum lerouxiae and Lampranthus lerouxiae), while the Women and Cacti website lists Annelise Le Roux (1950- ), botanist and plant collector, technician in the Botanical Research Institute, later with Cape Nature Conservation Department, for this taxon. There is a JSTOR specimen record of Trichogyne lerouxiae in the Asteraceae being collected by an A. Le Roux (presumably Annelise), and to further complicate matters, there is an JSTOR specimen record of an Erica lerouxiae in the Ericaceae being collected by an E. Le Roux.

leschenaultii (Potamogeton): possibly for Jean Baptiste Louis (Claude) Théoodor Leschenault de la Tour (1773-1826)?

lesliei: for (1) Dr. Thomas N. Leslie (1858-1942), English-born builder, plant collector and photographer who emigrated to South Africa in 1881, commemorated with Stomatium lesliei, Thesium lesliei, Lithops lesliei, Rabiea lesliei and the former Argyroderma lesliei, now synonymized to A. delaetii.(Etymological Dictionary of Succulent Plant Names; Gunn & Codd). (2) Dr. Leslie Edward Wastell Codd (1908- 1999), South African botanist, director of the Botanical Resarch Institute in Pretoria from 1963-1973, described many new taxa, published Trees and Shrubs of Kruger National Park, edited the journal Bothalia (1958-1974), helped to found and became president of the South African Association of Botanists, amassed a collection of plant speci-mens that numbered over 11,000, and co-authored with Mary Gunn of the major biographical work Botanical Explorations of Southern Africa (1981), commemorated with Helichrysum lesliei (David Hollombe, pers. comm.). (3) J.B. Leslie, who collected Tritoniopsis lesliei in South Africa in 1927.

Lespedeza: for Vincente Manuel de Céspedes, Spanish Governor of Eastern Florida, patron of botany. (CRC World Dictionary of Plant Names)

Lessertia: for Jules Paul Benjamin de Lessert (1773-1847), a French industrialist, banker, amateur botanist, owner of an important private herbarium used by De Candolle and editor of the Icones selectae (1820-1846). (PlantzAfrica, CRC World Dictionary of Plant Names)

lessingii: for Christian Friedrich Lessing (1809/10-1862), German botanist. Senecio lessingii is the only southern African taxon with this specific epithet. He was also honored with the genus Lessingia which does not appear in southern Africa.

Letestuella: for Georges Marie Patrice Charles Le Testu (1877-1967), French colonial administrator. (CRC World Dictionary of Plant Names)

Letroutia: for Marie-Agnès Letrouit-Galinou (1931- ), French lichenologist, Vice-President and President of the Association Française de Lichénologie, Research Director at the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique held at the Université Pierre et Marie Curie in Paris. She retired in 1999 and donated her library to the Musee Nationale d'Histoire Naturelle. The genus was published by Josef Hafellner and André Bellemère in 1982.

lettyae: for Cythna Lindenberg Letty (later Mrs. Forssman) (1895-1985), taught school, plant collector, studied nursing, worked as a botanical artist for the Botanical Research Institute in Pretoria, produced over 700 illustrations for Flowering Plants of Africa, and revised the genus Zantedeschia for Bothalia. (Etymological Dictionary of Succulent Plant Names)

leubnitziae/leubnitziana: for Elsbeth Leubnitz (fl. 1884-1885), wife of German professor of geography Eduard Pechuël-Loesche (Lösche) (1840-1913), who explored with him in Namibia.

Levierella: for Émile (Emilio) Levier (1839-1911), Swiss botanist, algologist and mycologist who collected extensively across Europe, western Asia, New Guinea, Madagascar, Central America and Mexico.

levisanus: for Rev. George Lewis who sent plants that eventually became known as Leucadendron levisanus to apothecary-botanist James Petiver around 1698 from Madras. Petiver proposed the generic name Lewisanus, which was subsequently changed to Levisanus. Linnaeus included these plants in Brunia and retained the name as a specific epithet with B. levisanus, which was then transferred to Leucadendron. (Gunn & Codd) David Hollombe found the following: "A clergyman of this name was appointed chaplain of St. Mary's, Fort St. George, by the Honourable East India Company in 1692, in succession to the Rev. J. Evans (after-wards Bishop of Bangor). He returned to England in 1714."

levyi: for a B. Levy (1896- ), American-born pharmaceutical chemist who resided in Rhodesia and collected there and in South Africa.

levynsae/levynsiae/levynsiana: for Dr. Margaret Rutherford Bryan Levyns (née Michell) (1890-1975), prominent phytogeographer, botanist and taxonomist, lecturer in the Botany Department at the University of Cape Town between c.1955 and 1970, published A Guide to the Flora of the Cape Peninsula in 1929. In 1923 she married John Levyns, later Assistant Provincial Secretary of the Cape Province who was on the council of the Botanical Society of South Africa. (Gunn & Codd, Etymological Dictionary of Succulent Plant Names)

lewisiae/lewisiana: for Dr Gwendoline Joyce Lewis (1909 –1967), South African botanist and illustrator, an authority on the Iridaceae, assistant at the Bolus Herbarium, curator of the South African Museum Herbarium for 18 years before being transferred with the herbarium to Kirstenbosch as Senior Research Officer. Her personal collection exceeded 8000 specimens from Cape Province. She is commemorated with Geissorhiza lewisiae, Hexaglottis lewisiae, Muraltia lewisiae, Psilocaulon lewisiae, Moraea lewisiae, Babiana lewisiana and the former Thamnochortus lewisiae (now T. guthrieae), and possibly with others such as Diascia lewisiae, Gladiolus lewisiae and Chlorophytum lewisiae. (Gunn & Codd)

leylandii: for Roberts Leyland (1784-1847), British plant collector whose herbarium is deposited at the Belle Vue Museum in Halifax, one of the founders of the Halifax Literary and Philosophical Society.

Leysera: for Friedrich Wilhelm von Leysser (1731-1815), German botanist. (CRC World Dictionary of Plant Names)

lheritieri: for Charles Louis L'Heritier de Brutelle (1746-1800), French botanist and magistrate who had a herbarium of 8,000 specimens and a large botanical library. He was murdered near his house by an unknown attacker and the crime never resolved.

Lichtensteinia/lichtensteiniana/lichtensteinii: for Martin Heinrich Karl von Lichtenstein (1780-1857), German zoologist and botanist, naturalist, traveller, surgeon, director of the Zoological Garden in Berlin, author, botanical explorer in the Cape, and friend of Poleman. (CRC World Dictionary of Plant Names)

Lidbeckia: for Eric Gustav Lidbeck (1724-1803), Swedish botanist, professor of natural history. (CRC World Dictionary of Plant Names)

liebenbergii: for Louis Christiaan Cronje Liebenberg (1900-1985), plant collector, geneticist, Department of Agriculture, Barbados, botanist, Department of Agriculture, Uganda, worked in National Herbarium, Pretoria, did botanical surveys of several national parks. He is commemorated with Adromischus liebenbergii. (Etymological Dictionary of Succulent Plant Names)

liebertiana: for Eduard Wilhelm Hans von Liebert (1850-1934), Prussian general of infantry, Governor of German East Africa, an early supporter of the German racial theories that were propounded by the Nazis.

Lightfootia: for Reverend John Lightfoot (1735-1788), British botanist, conchologist and lichenologist, Fellow of the Royal Society, one of the original Fellows of the Linnean Society, author of Flora scotica. There is also a genus Lightfootia in the Rubiaceae, but not in South Africa. (CRC World Dictionary of Plant Names)

lightfootii: for Robert Mark Lightfoot (1864-1921), clerk, handyman, and technical assistant at the South Africa Museum, collector of spiders, insects and scorpions. (David Hollombe, pers. comm.)

lindaviana (Oxalis):

Lindbergia: for Harald Lindberg (1871-1963), Finnish/Swedish botanist. (CRC World Dictionary of Plant Names)

lindenbergiana/lindenbergianus: for Johann Bernard Wilhelm Lindenberg (1781-1851), German botanist. (CRC World Dictionary of Grasses)

lindenbergii (Frullania): Johann Bernard Wilhelm Lindenberg?

lindequistii/lindquistii: for Friedrich von Lindequist (1862-1945), German administrator and first civilian Colonial Governor of German South-West Africa, carried out repressive measures in the wake of the Herero and Nama uprisings including concentration camps and forced labor, but was responsible for setting aside and preserving large areas that became national parks.

linderiana: for Hans Peter Linder (1954- ), South African botanist and renowned orchid expert formerly of the University of Cape Town, has published many articles especially about the genus Disa.

Lindernia: for Franz Balthazar von Lindern (1682-1755), German botanist, author and physician. (CRC World Dictionary of Plant Names)

lindheimeri: for Ferdinand J. Lindheimer (1801-1879), German botanist who later lived in Texas. (Etymological Dictionary of Succulent Plant Names)

lindleyana/lindleyanum/lindleyi: for John Lindley (1799-1865), the first professor of botany at London University, specialist in orchid classification and plant systematics in general; author of numerous botanical and horticultural publications.

Lindneria: I have encountered references that say that this genus is named either for a Paul Lindner (1861-1945) or a Dr. E. Lindner (CRC World Dictionary of Plant Names), but David Hollombe has provided me with a definitive source that gives a Mr. O. Lindner of Brussels as the individual honored with the name, probably Otto Lindner (1852-1915), German-born agent for Leopold II of Belgium. This individual was travelling in an area of Namibia called Dammaraland, and brought back live specimens of a Hyacinth genus that when it flowered was recognized by Durand and Lubbers as new, and named by them in Lindner's honor. ("Un Nouveau Genre de Liliacées [Lindneria Th. Dur. et Lubbers]", by Théophile Durand and Louis Lubbers, in the Bulletin of the Botanical Society of France, 1889)

Lindsaea: for John Lindsay (1785-1803), Jamaican botanist, correspondent of Sir Joseph Banks and author. (CRC World Dictionary of Plant Names)

lindsayanum: for William Lauder Lindsay (1829-1880), Scottish botanist, lichenologist and physician who collected Rhizocarpon lindsayanum near Dunkeld, Scotland in 1856. He authored the Popular History of British Lichens (1856) and Mind in the Lower Animals in Health and Disease, published in 1880. He also described significant new fungi from New Zealand. (David Hollombe, pers. comm.)

lingelsheimii: possibly for Alexander von Lingelsheim (1874-1937), German botanist.

linnaei: for Carl von Linné (Linnaeus) (1707-1778), the renowned Swedish naturalist who introduced the binomial system for the naming of plants and animals; author of Species Plantarum (1753). (Hugh Clarke, pers. comm.)

Linociera: for Geoffroy Linocier, 16th century French physician and botanist, author of Histoire des Plantes. (CRC World Dictionary of Plant Names)

Lintonia: for a Mr. Andrew Linton, a plant collector in East Africa. David Hollombe sent me the following from Veterinary Medicine: A Guide to Historical Sources By Pamela Hunter: The type of Lintonia was collected at Nairobi, most likely by "Andrew Linton of Gilmanscleugh, Selkirk, agriculturalist in the late nineteenth century before appointment at the School of Agriculture in Cairo, He appears to have worked as Director of Agriculture at government farms in Nairobi and Naivasha in the East Africa Protectorate during the early 1900's. He also researched, wrote and corresponded about veterinary medicine and animal disease. Linton died in 1951."

Lippia: for Augustin Lippi (1678-1705), French-born Italian naturalist, botanist, physician and traveller, botanical collector in Egypt, murdered in Abyssinia. The date of his death has been variously given as 1701, 1705 and 1709. (CRC World Dictionary of Plant Names)

lisabeliae: for Lisabel Irene Hall (1919- ), South African botanist, teacher, specialist in Bulbine and wife of botanist Harry Hall. (Etymological Dictionary of Succulent Plant Names)

lisae-mariae: for Lisa Maria Stauffer (née Imhoof) (1931-2009), graphic designer, scientific illustrator and textile artist, wife of botanist Hans Ulrich Stauffer, author of the taxon Thesium lisae-mariae. (David Hollombe, pers. comm.)

listeriana: for Joseph Storr Lister, Jr. (1852-1927). (David Hollombe, pers. comm.)

littlewoodii: for Roy Charles Littlewood (1924-1967), British horticulturist, 1957 joined the staff of the National Botanic Gardens as Senior Horticulturist, stationed at the Karoo Botanic Garden, Worcester, and collected many succulent plants. (Etymological Dictionary of Succulent Plant Names)

Littonia: for Samuel Litton (1781-1847), Irish physician, professor of botany at Dublin and librarian of the Royal Dublin Society. (CRC World Dictionary of Plant Names)

livingstonei/livingstonii: for David Livingstone (1813-1873), explorer.

Lobelia: for Mathias de L'Obel (1538-1616), Flemish botanist, traveller, plant collector, physician to William, Prince of Orange, and botanist and physician to King James I of England. (CRC World Dictionary of Plant Names)

Lochnera: for Michael Friedrich Lochner von Hummelstein (1662-1720), German botanist, physician and writer. (CRC World Dictionary of Plant Names)

lockwoodii: for Stanley George Lockwood-Hill (1903- ), magistrate in the Western Cape. (Etymological Dictionary of Succulent Plant Names)

Loddigesia/loddigesianus/loddigesii: for Conrad L. Loddiges (1738-1826), British botanist, horticulturist, gardener and nurseryman, introduced many new American species to Great Britain. (CRC World Dictionary of Plant Names)

lodewykii: for Lodewyk van Heerde (fl. 1935-1947). (Etymological Dictionary of Succulent Plant Names)

loedolffiae: for Jeanette Loedolff, South African botanical artist, co-author of Discovering Indigenous Forests at Kirstenbosch and Indigenous Healing Plants of the Herb and Fragrance Gardens: Getting to Know Kirstenbosch National Botanical Garden, commemorated with Drimia loedolffiae. (David Hollombe, pers. comm.)

loeflingii: for Pehr (Peter) Löfling (sometimes spelled Loefling) (1729-1756), a Swedish naturalist, botanist and explorer who died in Venezuela. He studied at the University of Uppsala where he attended the courses of Carolus Linnaeus.

loeschiana/oeschianum: for Alfred Lösch (1865-1946), German succulent plant enthusiast. (Etymological Dictionary of Succulent Plant Names)

loeseneriana/Loeseneriella: for Ludwig Eduard Theodor Loesener (1865-1941), German botanist.

Loethainia: for Rudolf Benno von Römer (Roemer) of Neumark and Löthain (1803-1870), German botanist, maintained an extensive botanical library with valuable prints.

loganii: for James Douglas Logan (1857-1920), British-born railway entrepreneur, station master at Cape Town then a Railway District Superintendent before becoming one of the founders of the town of Matjiesfontein, and a plant collector in that area. Taxa collected by him include Aloinopsis loganii, Antimima loganii, Cotula loganii, Pleiospilos loganii, Stomatium loganii, and Erica loganii. His son Jimmy was also a botanist. (Etymological Dictionary of Succulent Plant Names)

longiana/longii: for Frank Reginald Long (1884-1961), British horticulturist, trained at Kew Gardens, became Superintendent of Government Plantations in Perak (Malaysia) and was in charge of the Hill Garden, Taiping (1908-1910), eventually settled in South Africa, appointed Director of the Departments of Parks, Beaches and Recreation, joined the South African Air Force during WWII and later was involved in building airports at Cape Town and elsewhere, had a herbarium named for him in Port Elizabeth.

lorbeeriana: probably for Gerhard Lorbeer (1899-1945), German bryologist, commemorated with Targionia lorbeeriana.

lossowiana: for Dr. Otto von Lossow, physician, naturalist and mountaineer from Luderitz, and friend of Herre who documented the flora of the Luderitzbucht region. (PlantzAfrica)

lotterii: for Mervyn C. Lötter, South African botanist for forest classification, Mpumalanga Tourism & Parks Agency, Lydenburg, South Africa, co-author of Trees and Shrubs of Mpumalanga and Kruger National Park, commemorated with Thorncroftia lotteri.

loubseri: for Johan Willem Loubser (1922- ), chief draughtsman of Fisheries Development Corporation of South Africa, interested in indigenous bulbs, secretary of the Indigenous Bulb Growers Association of SA.

Loudetia: possibly for Dr. Eduard Loudet (1811-1867), a German dentist and surgeon at Karlsruhe.

louisabolusiae/louisae: for Harriet Margaret Louisa Bolus (1877-1970), daughter-in-law of Harry Bolus.

louiseae: for Louise Guthrie (1879-1966), botanist, daughter of Francis Guthrie.

louwalbertsii: for Dr. Louw Alberts, a well-known South African scientist, first chairman of Rand Afrikaans University which became the University of Johannesburg.

louwii: for (1) Dr. Wynand J. Louw (fl. 1975), botanist, herbarium curator and lecturer (Euphorbia), or (2) Piet Louw (fl. 1985), a farmer (Bulbine). (Etymological Dictionary of Succulent Plant Names)

lubbersii: for George Elfried Kurt Lübbers (1912-1999) of Johannesburg, commemorated with Anacampseros lubbersii. (David Hollombe, pers. comm.)

lucasii: for a certain Mr. Lucas who sent plants of Homeria lucasii to Harry Bolus in 1925 where they flowered in his garden, and the taxon named by Louisa Bolus.

luciae: for a Lucy Dufour, an acquaintance of French botanist and physician Raymond Hamet who first described Kalanchoe luciae in 1908. (Etymological Dictionary of Succulent Plant Names)

Luckhoffia: for both Dr. James Lückhoff of Cape Town and his son Carl August Lückhoff (1914-1960), South African botanical artist, photographer, medical practitioner, naturalist, author and photographer of Table Mountain (1951) and Stapelieae of Southern Africa (1952), older brother of Hilmar Albert Lückhoff (see hilmarii), died Cape Town. (CRC World Dictionary of Plant Names; Gunn & Codd)

luckhoffii: for Dr. James Lückhoff (fl. 1925-1931, died 1973?), South African physician in Cape Town, father of Carl August Lückhoff and Hilmar Albert Lückhoff, accompanied Marloth on botany outings, collected Aloinopsis luckhoffii, Antimima luckhoffii, Conophytum luckhoffii, Delosperma luckhoffii and Gibbaeum luckhoffii. (Etymological Dictionary of Succulent Plant Names)

Lüderitzia/luderitzii: for August Lüderitz (Luederitz) (1838-1922), German merchant and collector who came to the Cape in 1884, younger brother of Franz Adolf Eduard Lüderitz (Luederitz). (Gunn & Codd)

Ludwigia: for Christian Gottlieb Ludwig (1709-1773), German botanist and physician, a plant collector and professor of medicine at Leipzig, who went on an expedition to North Africa. (CRC World Dictionary of Plant Names)

ludwigiana/ludwigii: for Carl Ferdinand Heinrich von Ludwig (1784-1847), German-born pharmacist and patron of the natural sciences who came to South Africa in 1805. (Elsa Pooley, Etymological Dictionary of Grasses)

luebbertii/luebbertiana: for Dr. Anton Lübbert (c.1860-?) of Windhoek, emigrated from Hamburg to Swak-
opmund at the age of 37. (David Hollombe, pers. comm.)

luederitziana/luederitzianum/luederitzii: for Franz Adolf Eduard Lüderitz (Luederitz) (1834-1886), merchant and colonial pioneer, tobacco farmer and rancher, or his younger brother August. Of the two of them, August was the plant collector, but Adolf reportedly sent a collection of specimens to the Berlin Botanic Garden and Botanical Museum. (Gunn & Codd) An additional note about this name is that Lüderitz is a location in Namibia and at least one species, Crassula, is named for that location according to Eggli & Newton.

lugardae/lugardiae/lugardiana: for Charlotte Eleanor Howard (Mrs. E.J. Lugard) (1859-1939), professional painter of miniatures and water colors, plant collector.

lugardii: for Maj. Edward James Lugard (1865-1944?), plant collector, married Charlotte Eleanor Howard. At least one taxon with this specific epithet (Tapinanthus lugardii) may have been named for Charlotte Lugard.

luisae: for Luise Derenberg, wife of Julius Derenberg, a friend of M.H.G. Schwantes, the author of the taxon Derenbergiella luisae. (Women and Cacti)

luiseae: for Luise Meyer (1905- ), daughter of Luise Meyer and Rev. Louis Gottlieb Meyer, the pastor at Steinkopf & Komaggas, RSA, who discovered a number of mesembs (Conophytum). (Women and Cacti)

lujae: for Pierre Edouard (or Edouard-Pierre) Luja (1875-1953), plant collector.

Lumnitzera: for István Lumnitzer (1750-1806), Hungarian botanist and physician. (CRC World Dictionary of Plant Names)

lundgrenii: for Jan Lundgren (1941- ), Swedish botanist, who with his colleague Rune Bertil Nordenstam (1936- ), collected Anaxeton lundrenii in 1974 in the Cape Province. Jan Lundgren was the author of Revision of the Genus Anaxeton.

lutwychei: for a Mr. Stanley George Lutwyche (1845-1919) of Kent, who is said to have cultivated Richardia lutwychei in 1893 from a plant imported from Lake Nyanza. He worked in leather and held a patent for im-
provements to saddles, later also a general merchant. (Kew Bulletin; JSTOR; David Hollombe, pers. comm.)

lutzeyeri: for Heiner Lutzeyer (fl. 1997), plant collector, founder of the Grootbos Private Nature Reserve overlooking Walker Bay.

lutzii: one source says this is named for Adolpho Lutz (1855-1940), Brazilian naturalist.

lyallii: possibly for (1) Dr. Robert Lyall (1790-1831), Scottish botanist who spent many years in Russia, plant collector in Madagascar where Indigofera lyallii was collected, or (2) David Lyall (1817-1895), plant collector. (Gledhill)

lydiae: for Lydia Triebner (fl. 1948), wife of South African plant collector Wilhelm Triebner, commemorated with Conophytum lydiae, Ophthalmophyllum lydiae and the former Lithops lydiae, now Lithops fulviceps. (Etymological Dictionary of Succulent Plant Names)

lyellii: for Charles Lyell (1767-1849), Scottish-born British lawyer and the foremost geologist of his day, author of Principles of Geology which popularised uniformitarianism, the idea that the earth was shaped by slow-moving forces still in operation today. Lyell was a close and influential friend of Charles Darwin.

lynchii: for Richard Irwin Lynch (1850-1924), English gardener and botanist, apprenticed with his father who was head gardener to the Earl of St. Germans, then went to Kew Gardens where he became Foreman of the Herbaceous Department and then Senior Foreman in the Tropical Department, appointed curator of the Cambridge Botanic Garden in 1879, author of The Book of the Iris, began the first crossing experiments with Gerbera jamesonii and other Gerbera species in 1890.

lynetteae: for Mrs. Lynette ('Lyn') Fish (née Smook) (1946- ), South African botanist who worked at the Kwa-Zulu Natal Herbarium, has collected over most of South Africa, also Namibia, Lesotho, Swaziland, Malawi, co-author of Grasses of South Africa for the Memoirs of the Botanical Survey of South Africa, 58 (1990), and was scientific editor of the SABONET report A Checklist of Angola Grasses (2004), specializes in the Poaceae. She is commemorated with Asparagus lynetteae, which she was the first to collect. (JSTOR)

Lysimachia: for Lysimachos (360-281BCE), a Macedonian by birth, and King of Thrace, Asia Minor and Macedonia. (CRC World Dictionary of Plant Names)

Macadamia: for John Macadam (1827-1865), Scottish-born Australian analytical chemist, medical teacher and politician, and was the first lecturer to teach at the University of Melbourne School of Medicine. Between 1857 and 1862 he was a member of the organization that later became the Royal Society of Victoria and was Honor-
ary Secretary of the Exploration Committee that organised the ill-fated Burke and Wills expedition. He became Vice-President in 1863. Two years later in died at sea after fracturing his ribs in a storm and developing pleurisy. The genus Macadamia was named for him in 1857 by his colleague Ferdinand von Mueller. (Wikipedia)

macaulayae: for Mrs. Mary Adelaide Macaulay (née Gairdner) (1878-?) who collected in Zambia. Her husband was Frederick Charles Macaulay, a district commissioner for Northern Rhodesia who was involved in the suppression of the Matabele uprising against the British South Africa Company in 1893, killed in 1916 near Loos, France while serving with the 1st King Edward's Horse Regiment. His brother, Kenneth Zachary Pollack Macaulay, was killed in action during the South African War (1899-1902). Different sources spell his name variously, as McAulay, MacAulay, or Macaulay. Mary Adelaide's sister, Alice Elizabeth Gairdner, is also listed as a plant collector around 1910-1912. She was born in 1873 and never married The taxon in southern Africa that had this specific epithet is the former Manilkara macaulayae, now synonymized to M. mochisia.

macclounii: for John McClounie (fl. 1895), plant collector in Malawi and Zambia. (Etymological Dictionary of Grasses)

macdougalii: for Daniel Trembly MacDougal (1865-1958), American botanist and plant collector, pioneer plant physiologist, worked at the New York Botanical Garden, also Director of Botanical Research at the Carnegie Institution in Washington, D.C. until his retirement. He was "the leading American authority on desert ecology and one of the earliest botanists to research chlorophyll. He is also known as the inventor of the MacDougal dendrograph, an instrument used for recording changes in the volume of tree trunks." (New York Botanical Garden)

Macfadyena: for Dr. James Macfadyen (1798 [or 1800]-1850), Scottish botanist , physician, Fellow of the Linnean Society, and author of the incomplete Flora of Jamaica. (CRC World Dictionary of Plant Names)

Mackaya: for James Townsend Mackay (1775-1862), Scottish botanist and gardener, first curator of the Trinity College Dublin Botanic Garden from 1804 until his death, and author of Flora Hibernica. (CRC World Dictionary of Plant Names)

mackenii: for Mark J. McKen (1823-1872), a pioneer collector in KwaZulu-Natal who became the first curator of the Durban Botanic Garden in 1851. (PlantzAfrica)

mackenziei: a collection of Pyrenopsis mackenziei was made by a Miss Armstrong and a Mr. Mackenzie in the Port-Natal area (which is what the Port of Durban used to be known as) and sent to T.A. Jones of Dublin who named them for Mackenzie, about whom I have no further information.

maclayana (Parmelia):

macleae/macleana/macleanum: for John Hunter McLea (1836-1878), Scottish horticulturist who came to SA in the 1850's, settled at Graaff-Reinet, established a forestry nursery and a municipal botanic garden of which he became curator, studied mosses, travelled and collected extensively, was appointed State Botanist of the Transvaal Republic, established what became known as Burgers Park in Pretoria.

macleai: there is a JSTOR specimen record of Orthotrichum macleai being collected in South Africa in 1886 and the collector on that record is listed as Maclea?. No further information available.

macloughlinii: for Major Alfred George McLoughlin (1886-1960), South African botanist and member of the Department of Native Affairs working mainly in the Transkei, life member of the South African Association for the Advancement of Science, who worked particularly on orchids and succulents, commemorated with Orbea macloughlinii and Stenoglottis macloughlinii. (Elsa Pooley; Gunn & Codd)

Maclura: for William Maclure (1763-1840), Scottish-born North American geologist, agriculturist, traveller, one of the founders and then President of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia. (CRC World Dictionary of Plant Names)

macmasteri: for Cameron McMaster, amateur botanist, sheep breeding authority and bulb grower, for his invaluable contributions to the Eastern Cape flora. Cameron McMaster did the follow-up work to locate where the Cyrtanthus grew and obtained specimens, so the necessary documentation could be done for verifying and naming this rarely seen species.

macnaughtonii: for a variously listed G. (or C.) MacNaughton (or McNaughton) who collected Faurea macnaughtonii in 1898 in South Africa.

macneilii: for Patrick Gordon McNeil (1908-?), South African farmer interested in cultivating indigenous bulb plants.

macowani/Macowania/macowaniana/macowanianum/macowanii: for Dr. Peter MacOwan (1830-1909), professor of chemistry at Huddersfield College, moved to South Africa for his health, and became Principal of Shaw College. After taking up botany, he began collecting and corresponding with people like Asa Gray at Harvard and Sir William Hooker at Kew. He was one of the first professors of botany in Cape Town, Director of the Cape Town Botanic Gardens, later Professor of Botany at the South African College, and Government Botanist in charge of the Herbarium until 1905. He collected a specimen of Leucadendron macowanii in the Wynberg area in the southwestern Cape around 1883. (Gunn & Codd, Wikipedia)

maderi: for Philippus Albertus Mader (1835-1904), South African land surveyor in the Cape Colony who collected Erica maderi in South Africa and whose name is commemorated by Oxalis maderi. (David Hollombe, pers. comm.)

magilliana: for Robert Earle Magill (1947- ), American botanist and bryologist, Director of Research at the Missouri Botanical Garden.

magna: for Albertus Magnus, whose real name was Graf von Bollstädt, a famous German philosopher or theologian who lived between the 12th and 13th century and wrote De vegetabilus, a botanical work in seven volumes. (PlantzAfrica)

mahonii: for John Mahon (1870-1906), Irish gardener at Kew, forester in Malawi, curator of Entebbe Botanic Garden in Uganda, died of sleeping sickness. (Etymological Dictionary of Succulent Plant Names).

maidenii: for Joseph Henry Maiden (1859-1925), British-born Australian botanist who contributed significantly to knowledge of the flora of Australia and became a major authority on the genera Eucalyptus and Acacia, first curator of the Technological Museum in Sydney, consulting botanist to the Department of Agriculture and then Superintendent of Technical Education and Director of the Botanical Gardens, author of The Useful Native Plants of Australia, Sir Joseph Banks, the Father of Australia, Bibliography of Australian Economic Botany and many works on the plants of New South Wales. (Wikipedia)

mairei/Mairia: for Herr Maire, a Prussian plant collector and companion of J.L. Leopold Mund who was sent by the Prussian government to the Cape about 1816. (Hugh Clarke, pers. comm.)

maitlandii: for Thomas Douglas Maitland (1885-1978), British economic botanist on the gardening staff of the Royal Botanical Gardens, traveller and botanical collector in Africa. (Etymological Dictionary of Grasses)

malherbei: for a Mr. M. Malherbe (fl. 1935). (Etymological Dictionary of Succulent Plant Names)

mallei: for Steven Allen Hammer (1951- ), American pianist, plant collector, horticulturist and specialist on Mesembs especially Conophytum, lecturer and research fellow at the University of Cape Town, author of The Genus Conophytum and a number of other books, regarded internationally as one of the foremost authorities on Mesembs, manages a "botanic garden disguised as a nursery," has done extensive field work especially in Namaqualand. The derivation of the name is the Latin 'malleus' for hammer. (Etymological Dictionary of Succulent Plant Names; Steven Hammer, pers. comm.)

mallesoniae: for Una Malleson (probably Una Beatrice Malleson) (1898/1900-1978), born at Rosebank, RSA, died in London; daughter of Percy Rodbard Malleson. (David Hollombe, pers. comm.)

mallyi: possibly for Charles William Mally (1872-1953), American-born and educated entomologist who emigrated to the Cape, joined the Cape Department of Agriculture stationed in Grahamstown and Cape Town, lectured at Stellenbosch. (Gunn & Codd)

Maltebrunia: for Konrad Malte Bruun (1775-1826), Danish-born French geographer. (Etymological Dictionary of Grasses)

Mannia/mannii: for Gustav Mann (1836-1916), German botanist, Kew gardener, plant collector, botanical explorer, 1863-1891 Indian Forest Service, 1859-1862 on William Balfour Baikie's Niger expedition. The genera Manniella and Manniophyton are also named for him. (CRC World Dictionary of Plant Names)

manningiana/manningii: for Dr. John Manning, a highly respected research botanist at the Compton Herbarium, South African National Biodiversity Institute (SANBI), Cape Town, world authority on the Iris and Hyacinth families, accomplished and knowledgeable plant collector and photographer, and prolific author of popular and scientific papers and wildflower field guides including Photographic Guide to the Wildflowers of South Africa, Field Guide to Fynbos, South African Wildflowers: Jewels of the Veld, and co-author with Peter Goldblatt of Cape Plants: A Conspectus of the Cape Flora of South Africa, The Color Encyclopedia of Cape Bulbs, South African Wildflower Guide No. 9: Nieuwoudtville, and Gladiolus in Southern Africa.

maraisiana/maraisii: for Wessel R.B. Marais (1929- ), South African botanist on staff at the Botanical Research Institute, curator of the Albany Museum herbarium, curator of monocots at Kew Gardens, collected mainly in the Transvaal and Eastern Cape.

Marattia: for Giovanni Francesco Maratti (1723-1777), Italian professor of botany, clergyman and professor at Rome University, Director of the Botanical Garden of Rome for 30 years. (CRC World Dictionary of Plant Names, Wikipedia)

Marcellia: for Claudia Marcella, daughter of Roman Senator and Consul Gaius Claudius Marcellus Minor, sister of Emperor Augustus (Octavian), and wife of Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa, Augustus' close friend and lieutenant. (W.P.U. Jackson)

Marchantia: for Nicholas Marchant (?-1678), French botanist and director of the ducal gardens at Blois. (David Hollombe, pers. comm.; The Bahama Flora by Charles Frederick Millspaugh and Nathaniel Lord Britton)

margaretae: for Margaret Elizabeth Dryden-Dymond (1909-1952), noted South African horticulturalist, who first collected Dymondia margaretae in 1933. She was on the horticultural staff at Kirstenbosch National Botanical Garden and was honored with both the specific and generic epithet for this taxon. (PlantzAfrica)

margarethae: for Mrs. Margaretha Wiese (1923- ), succulent plant grower. (Etymological Dictionary of Succulent Plant Names)

mariae: for (1) Mary Fraser Thompson (Rand) (1941-1982), South African botanist on the staff of the Botanical Research Institute first in Pretoria then at Stellenbosch (Asparagus), or (2) Mari Källersjö (1954- ), Swedish botanist and geneticist (Cotula) (David Hollombe, pers. comm.), or (3) Mary E. Galpin (née de Jongh), wife of Ernest E. Galpin (Delosperma), or (4) Mrs. M. (Mary?) Villet (fl. 1937) (Ruschia), or (5) Mary Gwendolene Lavis (1903- ) (later Mrs. O'Connor-Fenton), a friend of Louisa Bolus, worked at Kew, Kirsten-
bosch and the Bolus Herbarium. (Etymological Dictionary of Succulent Plant Names,Gunn & Codd)

marianiae: for Mrs. Mariane Crossman (fl. 1900), British botanical artist. (Etymological Dictionary of Succulent Plant Names)

marincowitzii: for C. P. Marincowitz of the farm Kleinsleutelfontein, Koup Karoo, plant collector "whose original knowledge and appreciation of this remarkable species led to its identification as new." (Botanicus Vol. 5 Number 1, 1995)

marionae: for Marion Emma Young (née Blenkiron) (1904-?), British-born botanist who taught in Johannes-
burg, lectured in botany at Witwatersrand University, assisted her husband, Ralph George Norwood Young (1861-1947) in extensive collecting trips in Angola, was a nurse during WWII. (Gunn & Codd)

Markhamia: for Sir Clements Robert Markham (1830-1916), British traveller, botanist, geographer, explorer, prolific author of over two dozen books on history, biography and travel, plant collector, 1844-1851 in the Royal Navy, went to the Arctic on one of the expeditions that searched for Sir John Franklin, Honorary Secretary of the Royal Geographical Society for 25 years and then President for 12, and introducer of Cinchona from Peru into India for the extraction of quinine, fellow of the Linnean Society, fellow of the Royal Society, played an active role in preparations for Robert Falcon Scott's Discovery voyage 1901-1904 and the expedition of 1910-1912, was honored by Scott in the naming of an Antarctic peak as Mt. Markham. His later life especially was not free of controversy and he was criticized for his manner of running the RGS and for other things. He remained close friends with Scott until the end of his life. (CRC World Dictionary of Plant Names, Wikipedia)

marklundii: for George Gunnar Marklund (1892-1964), Finnish botanist.

markoetterae: for Erike Irene Markötter (Markoetter) (1905/06-1983), South African botanist associated with Stellenbosch University, commemorated with Conophytum markoetterae. (Gunn & Codd)

markwardii: for Mark (C.?) Ward, botanist.

Marlothia/marlothiana/marlothianum/marlothianus/marlothii/Marlothistella: for Hermann Wilhelm Rudolf Marloth (1855-1931), German-born South African botanist, pharmacist, chemist, botanical explorer and plant collector, author of the superb Flora of Africa in six volumes (1913-1932) and its supplement the Dictionary of the Common Names of Plants, professor of chemistry at Victoria College (later Stellenbosch University), Chairman of the Mountain Club of South Africa 1901-1906, made many collecting trips with the German botanist and phytogeographer Andreas Schimper. (CRC World Dictionary of Plant Names, Wikipedia, Gunn & Codd)

marnierana/marnierianum: for Julien Marnier-Lapostolle (1902-1976), well-known French plant collector and owner of the Grand Marnier Company. (Desert Tropicals website, Etymological Dictionary of Succulent Plant Names)

Marsdenia: for William Marsden (1754-1836), Irish-born British traveller and plant collector, numismatist, first went to Sumatra as a member of the British East India Co., First Secretary of the Admiralty, prolific author about the history of Sumatra, the Malay language, Travels of Marco Polo, member of the Royal Society, died of apoplexy. (CRC World Dictionary of Plant Names, Wikipedia)

marshalli (Aloe):

Marsilea: for Luigi Ferdinando Marsili (Marsigli) (1658-1730), noted Italian botanist and naturalist, mycologist, soldier and military engineer, surveyor, Fellow of the Royal Society, travelled throughout and studied the natural history and military organization of the Ottoman Empire, served the Holy Roman Emperor Leopold I, collected a vast amount of scientific information and specimens such as antiquities, fossils, and natural artifacts of flora and fauna, author of Histoire physique de la mer (1725), considered one of the founding works of modern oceano-
graphy, Danubius pannonico-mysicus (1726) in six volumes, and L'Etat militaire de l'empire ottoman (1732). (CRC World Dictionary of Plant Names, Wikipedia)

marthae: for Mrs. Martha Erni, wife of Franz Sales Erni (1878-1952) who collected this Lithops taxon.

martiana: for Carl Friedrich Philipp Martius (1794-1868), German botanist, naturalist, ethnographer, medical doctor and surgeon, professor of the University of Munich and director of the Munich botanical gardens, explored the Amazon and brought back to Europe hundreds of preserved mammals, birds, amphibians, fish, insects, plants and seeds, and extensively studied the culture of Brazilian indians, founder of the Flora Braziliensis.

martinae: for Bina Elizabeth Martin (1900-?), British-born horticulturist and botanical assistant, worked at Kirstenbosch. (JSTOR)

martindalei: for Joseph Anthony Martindale (1837-1914), British lichenologist. He was a schoolmaster in Staveley, County Westmoreland (now part of Cumbria), president of the Kendal Natural History Society and studied the flora of Westmoreland. He is commemorated with the former taxon Ephebeia martindalei, origin-
ally published by James Mascall Morrison Crombie then revised by William Nylander, and now synonymized to Ephebe lanata

martinii: for (1) Mr. Raymond Martin (fl. 1854), cactus enthusiast in Toulouse, France and owner of a large cactus collection (Harrisia) (Etymological Dictionary of Succulent Plant Names), or (2) J.D. Martin (?-1941), assistant forester in Rhodesia (Dahlbergia) or (3) Martin C. Littlewood (Dorotheanthus).

martleyi: for J.F. Martley, a bulb-grower who, inter alia, found a new Gladiolus at Banhoek, Stellenbosch in 1932 which he brought to the attention of Kirstenbosch botanists. (Hugh Clarke, pers. comm.)

Martynia: for John Martyn (1699-1768), British physician and botanist, professor of botany at Cambridge, Fellow of the Royal Society, founded the Botanical Society of London. (CRC World Dictionary of Plant Names)

marxii: for Johan Gerhardus Marx (1956- ), botanical artist and illustrator, grower of Haworthias and other succulent plants whose work has appeared in numerous books and journals, on stamps, at museum exhibitions and in the collection of Kirstenbosch Botanical Garden.

masonae/masoniae: for Marianne Harriet Mason (1845-1932).

masoniorum/masonorum: for Marianne Harriet Mason (1845-1932), Edwardian artist, and her brother Canon Edward Mason, of St. Bede's College in Umtata, who collected Crocosmia masoniorum in 1911. Plants were cultivated at the Cambridge University Botanic Garden the following year from corms brought to Britain by Marianne Mason. (PlantzAfrica) Goldblatt and Manning's book Crocosmia and Chasmanthe say that Tritonia masionorum is also named for the two siblings, but the website Rareplants.co.uk says that Nerine masoniorum is named for Marianne Mason and her father although she is the one who collected it. All three taxa were named by Louisa Bolus, and all weere originally published with the specific epithet spelled 'masonorum.'

Massonia/massoniana/massoniella/massonii: for Francis Masson (1741-1805), British gardener, plant collector for Kew Gardens sent to the Cape by Joseph Banks with Captain Cook on his second circumnavigation of the globe. His two trips to South Africa resulted in his being there from 1772 to 1775 and then from 1786 to 1795. He also visited Madeira, the Canary Islands and Azores, West Indies, North America and North Africa, explored with Thunberg, sent specimens to Joseph Banks, Fellow of the Linnean Society, author of Stapeliae Novae (1796), died by freezing in North America. One source reported that he discovered more than 1700 species, including such familiar plants both to visitors to South Africa and to horticulturists everywhere as the arum and belladonna lilies, the bird of paradise, the king protea and the red hot poker. (CRC World Dictionary of Plant Names, Wikipedia, Gunn & Codd)

Mastersiella: for Maxwell Tylden Masters (1833-1907), British botanist and physician, Fellow of the Linnean and Royal Societies, and restio specialist at Kew Botanical Gardens for the latter half of the 19th century (Hugh Clarke, pers. comm., CRC World Dictionary of Plant Names)

mathewsii: for Mr. Joseph William Mathews (1871-1949), the first Curator of Kirstenbosch Botanical Garden. (Etymological Dictionary of Succulent Plant Names)

Matthiola: for Pietro Andrea Gregorio Mattioli (c.1500/1501-1577), Italian botanist and herbalist, physician to Maximilian II, Holy Roman Emperor in Vienna, and to Ferdinand I, Archduke of Austria, prolific author including a work identifying the plant species described by Dioscorides, also described species not of medical value marking a transition to the study of plants for non-medical interest, first to describe a case of feline allergy. (CRC World Dictionary of Plant Names, Wikipedia)

maudiae: for Emily Maud Eastwood Saunders (?-1908), first wife of Sir Charles James Renault Saunders.

maughamii: for Reginald Charles Fulke Maugham (1866-1956), the British Consul at Lourenco Marques (now Maputu), who sent specimens of this tree to Kew in 1911. (PlantzAfrica)

Maughaniella/maughanii: for Dr. Herbert Maughan Brown (fl. late 1920's-1930's), South African physician and plant collector. (Etymological Dictionary of Succulent Plant Names)

Mauhlia: for a patriotic Swede and zealous promoter of natural science named Mauhle.

mauricei: for Maurice Smethurst Evans (1854-1920), British-born South African businessman, politician and plant collector in Kenya, Uganda and South Africa. He came to Natal in 1875 and was co-author with John Medley Wood of Natal Plants. He was a member of parliament and was in addition to several species with the epithet evansii, was also commemorated with Senecio mauricei. (Elsa Pooley; JSTOR; Gunn & Codd).

Maurocenia: presumably for Giovanni Francesco Morosini (1658-1739), Venetian Senator and a patron of botany who had a fine garden at Padua. (CRC World Dictionary of Plant Names, Flora Domestica by Elizabeth Kent)

maxii/maximilianii: for Max Schlecter (1874-1960), brother of Friedrich Richard Rudolf Schlecter, who came to the Cape with his brother in the 1890's and accompanied him on collecting trips, had a trading business and a good collection of succulent plants, mostly mesembs.

maxwellii: for Maxwell Bolus (1890-1956), son of Hermann Harry Bolus and grandson of Harry Bolus. (Etymological Dictionary of Succulent Plant Names)

maydae: for Mayda Doris Henderson (1928- ), South African plant botanical author.

mclarenii (Haworthia):

mcmurtryi: for Douglas M. McMurtry (fl. 1984), plant collector, curator of the Municipal Botanic Garden, Johannesburg, author of Field Guide to the Orchids of Northern South Africa and Swaziland.

mearnsii: for Edward Alexander Mearns (1856-1916), U.S. army surgeon, ornithologist, field naturalist and plant collector, mainly in Kenya and elsewhere (Hugh Clarke, pers. comm.)

mechowii: probably for Friedrich Wilhelm Alexandre von Mechow (1831-1890), Prussian officer, plant collector and explorer of Africa.

medley-woodii: for John Medley Wood (1827-1915), Natal botanist, curator of the Natal Botanic Garden 1882-1903 and founder and director of the Natal Herbarium 1903-1913 (CRC World Dictionary of Plant Names). "John Medley Wood was a South African botanist who contributed greatly to the knowledge of Natal ferns, and is generally credited with the establishment of Uba sugar cane in Natal and for his extensive collection of Natal plants. Wood was born in Mansfield to a lawyer James Riddall Wood and Hannah Healy Weaver. His father remarried Mary Haygarth and emigrated to Durban, and John, who had spent seven years at sea after leaving school, joined him there in 1852. He soon acquired his own property at the mouth of the Umdhloti River north of Durban. Here he experimented with new crop plants. In 1855 he married his stepmother's younger sister Elizabeth Haygarth. For health reasons he moved further inland to Inanda in 1868, where he ran a trading store and did some farming. Here he developed an interest in cryptogams and started collecting ferns, mosses and fungi as well as flowering plants. He began corresponding with M.C. Cooke and Kalchbrenner, the mycologists at Kew and in Hungary. The Rev. John Buchanan, a local fern expert who had published a list of Natal ferns in 1875, assisted Medley Wood in that group. In 1880 Anton Rehmann, the Austrian botanist, visited Natal and took over Wood's collection of mosses. As a result of his growing interest in botany, he accepted the post of Curator of the Botanic Garden in Durban in 1882. From his interest in crop plants, he established the suitability of Uba sugar cane (Saccharum sinense), for conditions in Natal. During these years he collected plants extensively throughout Natal and exchanged duplicates with foreign herbaria. He was preparing the seventh volume of his Natal Plants at the time of his death in 1915. He is commemorated in the genera Woodia, Woodiella, and a large number of species names including that of Encephalartos woodii, which he first discovered in 1895 on a steep south-facing slope on the fringes of the Ngoye forest about 30 km from Mtunzini in KwaZulu-Natal.. (Wikipedia)

medleyi: probably the same as the previous entry.

meeuseana/meeusei: for Adrianus Dirk Jacob Meeuse (1914- ), Dutch botanist.

meintjesii: for C.C.C. Meintjes (fl. early 1960's) who was a South African architect interested in succulents. (Etymological Dictionary of Succulent Plant Names)

meisneri/meisnerianum: for Carl Daniel Friedrich Meisner (later Meissner) (1800-1874), Swiss professor of botany at Basle, published a comprehensive work Plantarum Vascularum Genera and important monographs on several families, described hundreds of species of Australian Proteaceae and many Australian species from other families, spent many years in the study of the Polygonaceae.

meissneri: for Dr. Carl Friedrich Wilhelm Meissner (1792-1853), German chemist, botanist and alkaloid researcher, city councilman in his native Halle. (David Hollombe, pers. comm.; CRC World Dictionary of Plant Names)

mellei: for Henry Augustus Melle (1893-1957), South African agrostologist and plant collector, with the Department of Native Affairs and Deputy Director of Native Agriculture.

melleri: for Dr. Charles James Meller (c.1836-1869), botanist/naturalist and plant collector, surgeon on David Livingstone's East Africa expedition.

mellissii: for John Charles Melliss (1835-1911), British engineer and amateur naturalist, author of St. Helena: A Physical, Historical and Topographical Description of the Island, including the Geology, Fauna, Flora and Meteorology (1875).

Melpomene: after Melpomene, mythological songstress and the muse of tragedy. She was the daughter of Zeus and her sisters included Calliope (muse of poetry), Clio (muse of history), Euterpe (muse of flute playing), Terpsichore (muse of dancing), Erato (muse of erotic poetry), Thalia (muse of comedy), Polyhymnia (muse of hymns), and Urania (muse of astronomy). (CRC World Dictionary of Plant Names, Wikipedia)

mendesii: probably for Eduardo José Santos Moreira Mendes (1924- ), Portuguese botanist.

mendoncae: for Francisco de Ascencão Mendonça (1889-1982), Portuguese botanist and explorer who made botanical studies of the flora of Angola and Mozambique and collected Xylopia mendoncae.

mennellii: for Brian T. Mennell who collected this Lithops taxon in April 1934.

menniei: for a Mr. A. Mennie (fl. 1937) who collected the type specimen of Antimima menniei. (Etymological Dictionary of Succulent Plant Names)

Mentha: after the nymph or naiad Minthe, daughter of Cocytus and mistress of Pluto, who fell in love with her. The story is that Persephone (Proserpine), Pluto's wife, attacked her in a jealous rage and transformed her into a plant. According to this story, Pluto couldn't reverse the spell but gave her a lovely fragrance. (W.P.U. Jackson)

menyharthii: for Lázló (or Ladislaus) Menyharth (1849-1895/7), Hungarian cleric and missionary who collected in Mozambique. (Etymological Dictionary of Grasses)

menziesii: for Archibald Menzies (1754-1842), Scottish botanist and surgeon.

Merciera: for Marie Philippe Mercier (1781-1831), French botanist born on the island of Martinique, plant collector and traveller, later moved to Geneva and studied under de Candolle. After his death, his considerable herbarium of West Indian plants was purchased by the British naturalist Philip Barker Webb. (CRC World Dictionary of Plant Names, PlantzAfrica, Acta Botanica Venezuelica)

Mercurialis: presumably after the god Mercury. (CRC World Dictionary of Plant Names)

merenskyanum (Amphiasma)/merenskyanus (Cryptostephanus):

meriana: for Maria Sibylla Merian (1647-1717), a German painter of flowers. (Hugh Clarke, pers. comm.)

merkeri: possibly for Moritz Merker (1867-1908), German scholar, plant collector, and military commander.

Merremia: for Blasius Merrem (1761-1824), German naturalist and botanist, mathematician and professor of political economy at Marburg (1804), particularly interested in zoology and ornithology, originally proposed the division of birds into ratites and carinates, author of Tentamen Systematis Naturalis Avium. (CRC World Dictionary of Plant Names, Wikipedia)

Mertensia: for Franz Karl Mertens (1764-1831), German botanist and algologist. (CRC World Dictionary of Plant Names)

Merwilla: for Frederick Ziervogel van der Merwe (1894-1968), a South African botanist who worked on the Hyacinth family, medical inspector of schools in the Transvaal and Natal, published an authoritative glossary of African medical terms and described new species of Scilla and two new genera, Schizocarphus and Resnova. (PlantzAfrica, Gunn & Codd)

Merxmuellera/merxmuelleri/merxmuelleriana: for Hermann Merxmüller (1920-1988), German botanist, studied botany and then became a professor of systematic botany at the University of Munich, also Director of the Munich Botanical Gardens, the Botanische Staatssammiung, a notable herbarium at the Gardens, and the Institut für Systematische Botanik (Institute of Systematic Botany) at the University of Munich, conducted many expeditions to Africa, and discovered more than 100 species of flowers new to science. He collected some 32,000 specimens in the UK, Austria, Bulgaria, France, Germany, Greece, Portugal, the Netherlands, Romania, Sweden, Iran, Egypt, Morocco, Botswana, Namibia, South Africa, Canada, the U.S., Venezuela, Brazil and Chile, of which about 6000 were from southern Africa. (CRC World Dictionary of Plant Names, JSTOR, Gunn & Codd)

metelerkampiae: for Frederick William Metelerkamp (1876-c.1946), plant collector in South Africa.

mettinghi: for Sophia de Mettingh (Sophie Elisabeth Bethmann) (1774-1862), Mrs. Charles Henri de Luze, Mrs. Peter Friedrich Freiherr von Mettingh.

Metzgeria: this genus was published in 1818 by Italian botanist Giuseppi Raddi. Despite what seemed to be a logical assumption that the name was intended to honor Johann Christian Metzger (1789-1852), a German landscape architect of gardens and at one time Director of the Heidelberg Botanical Garden, an 1818 publication by Raddi (Jungermanniografia Etrusca. Memorie i Mathematica e di Fisica della Societa Italiana delle Scienze (Modena), 18: 14–56), clearly states that it commemorates his friend from Staufen, Breisgau (Baden-Wurttemberg) Johann Baptiste Metzger (1771-1844), a German copper engraver, art restorer and important art agent in Florence. My thanks to David Meagher at the University of Melbourne for providing this information.

Metzleria: for Jacob Adolf Metzler (1812-1883), German landowner of Frankfurt, lichenologist, bryologist, and ‘man of independent means’ who worked at the Herbarium of the Senckenberg Naturmuseum in Frankfurt, Germany, and helped to created a Botany Hall there, collected mosses in southern France, northern Italy and the Alps. The genus was published in 1865 by German botanist and pharmacist Otto Wilhelm Sonder. (David Hollombe, pers. comm.)

meyerae: for Luise Meyer (née Olpp) (1873-1956), daughter of Johannes Olpp and wife of Rev. L.G. Meyer whom she often accompanied on his collecting trips.

meyeri/meyeriana/meyerianum/meyerianus: for (1) Rev. Louis Gottlieb Meyer (1867-1958), German clergyman, explorer, and plant and insect collector in South Africa (Cheiridopsis). (Etymological Dictionary of Succulent Plant Names), or (2) Ernst Heinrich Friedrich Meyer (1791-1858), German professor and botanist whose herbarium of 24,000 specimens was largely destroyed during World War II bombing (Ceropegia, Asclepias). (Elsa Pooley)

Meyerophytum: for Louis Gottlieb Meyer (1867-1958). (CRC World Dictionary of Plant Names)

michelianus: for Pier Antonio Micheli (1679-1737), Italian botanist, curator of the Orto Botanico di Firenze.

middlemostii: for Alexander John Milner Middlemost (1902-1970), South African horticulturist at Kirstenbosch. (Etymological Dictionary of Succulent Plant Names)

Mielichhoferia: for Mathias Mielichhofer (1772-1847), Austrian botanist. (Bryophyte Flora of North America, Mosses of Eastern North America)

miersiana: for John Miers (1789-1879), British botanist and civil engineer, member of the Linnean Society, Fellow of the Royal Society, vice-president of the Botanical Society of London, produced a significant monograph of the family Menispermaceae and bequeathed his herbarium of 20,000 specimens to the British Museum.

Mikania: for Joseph Gottfried Mikan (1743-1814), Bohemian (Austrian-Czech) botanist and professor of botany and chemistry at the University of Prague, later rector of the University, author of Catalogus plantarum omnium (1776). (CRC World Dictionary of Plant Names, Wikipedia)

mildbraedii: for Gottfried Wilhelm Johannes Mildbraed (1879-1954), German botanist that specialized in mosses and ferns. (Etymological Dictionary of Grasses)

milfordiae: for Mrs. Helen A. Milford (1877-1940), native South African who collected plants in the Drakensberg Mts region for introduction into England. (Elsa Pooley)

Milicia: for a certain Mr. Milicia, an administrator in Mozambique. (CRC World Dictionary of Plant Names)

millarii: for Harold Millar who discovered the taxon Diaphananthe millarii in the early 1900's. (Elsa Pooley)

milleri: for Major Oliphant Bell Miller (1882-1966) who fought in the Boer War, collected in South Africa, Swaziland, Botswana, Zimbabwe and Zambia.

milleriana: for Allister Miller, a resident of Dalriach, who assisted Bolus on his collecting trip and had a keen interest in the flora of Swaziland.

Millettia: for Charles Millet (1792-1873), plant collector for the East India Company in Canton, China. He was a member of an organization known as the Canton Factory established by Joseph Banks, a group of naturalists and collectors, and he was in regular communication with William Hooker, Director of Kew Gardens, and John Henslow, Professor of Botany at Cambridge University. According to The Eponym Dictionary of Mammals by Beolens et. al., he may be the same individual as the French naturalist, but this seems unlikely given his mention in British Naturalists in Qing China by Fa-ti Fan and his correspondence with British botanists, as well as the fact that the French Charles Millet was involved with freshwater fauna and not flora. Also the French Charles Millet published Les Poissons in 1881 after the other Charles Millet was dead, and in 1831 the French Charles Millet was busy naming the freshwater shrimp Atyaephyra desmarestii having collected it in France while the British Charles Millet was in Canton at least as late as February, 1832 (as referred to in History 1793-1844 From the Newspapers, Chapter 31: China 1827-1832). Turnings, the journal of the Western Cape Woodturners Association, refers to him as Dr. Charles Millet, and this is repeated in What's in a Name: The Meanings of the Botanical Names of Trees by Hugh Glen, but I have no confirmation of that. The genus was published in 1834 by Robert Wight and George Arnott Walker Arnott, both Scottish botanists. (CRC World Dictionary of Plant Names, PlantzAfrica)

milneana/milnei: for Edgar Wolston Bertram Handsley Milne-Redhead (1906-1996), British botanist and pioneer plant conservationist, author of Flora of Tropical East Africa: Dioscoreaceae, collected extensively in many countries of tropical and southern Africa.

mirkinii: for a certain plant collector named Mirkin (fl. 1939) (Etymological Dictionary of Succulent Plant Names). JSTOR has a specimen record for this taxon having been collected by an L. Mirkin with no date.

mittenii: for William Mitten (1819-1906), British pharmaceutical chemist and bryophyte collector considered the premier bryologist of the second half of the nineteenth century, according to the New York Botanical Garden. He began his bryological career under the tutelage of William Borrer and William Jackson Hooker, and passed up the curatorship of the Kew Herbarium in order to better support his family. His collection of bryophytes, the largest such in the world in private hands, consisted of some 50,000 specimens which was purchased at the time of his death by the NYBG. He was the father-in-law of Alfred Russel Wallace. He is commemorated with Selaginella mittenii. (William Mitten Papers, NYBG; website of the British Bryological Society)

Moenchia: for Conrad Moench (1744-1805), German botanist and pharmacist, chemist, professor of botany at the Collegium Medicum Carolinianum at Kessel, and founder of the Marburg Botanic Garden. (CRC World Dictionary of Plant Names)

moeserianum: for Dr. Walter Möser (Moeser) (?-1913), German botanist who perished in the Arctic on the Svalbard expedition of Herbert Schröder-Stranz. (David Hollombe, pers. comm.)

Moesslera: for Johann Christoph Mössler (Moessler) (1770-1840). German botanist, author of Handbuch der Gewachskunde and Taschenbuck der Botanik. (David Hollombe, pers. comm.)

moggii: for Albert Oliver Dean Mogg (1886-1980), South African botanist who saw active service in South- West Africa in WWI and in the medical corps in Egypt in WWII, ecologist and lecturer in botany, curator of the Moss Herbarium. (Gunn & Codd)

Mohria: for Daniel Matthias Heinrich Mohr (1780-1808), botanist from Schleswig-Holstein, professor of zoology and botany, authority on algae and bryophytes, comemorated with the genus Mohria.

Mohria: for Daniel Matthias Heinrich Mohr (1780-1808), German botanist, professor of philosophy and later assistant professor of zoology at Christian Albrecht University of Kieland botany, plant collector and author, worked in the Botanical Garden at Kiel. (CRC World Dictionary of Plant Names, Wikipedia)

molleri: for Adolpho Frederico Möller (1842-1920), Portuguese botanist.

mollii: for Professor Eugene John Moll (1941- ), Rhodesian-born plant ecologist, appointed to the Botanical Survey Section of the National Botanical Institute, senior lecturer in plant ecology at Cape Town University, particularly interested in conservation of fynbos vegetation, author of Trees and Shrubs of the Cape Peninsula and co-author of Common Trees of Southern Africa.

Monniera/monnieri: for Louis Guillaume le Monnier (1717-1799), "French botanist and one of the original organizers of Louis XV's botanic collection at Petit Trianon. He was appointed professor of botany at the Jardin du Roi (later the Jardin des Plantes) in 1759, filling the void left by the death of Bernard de Jussieu's brother Antoine in April of the previous year. He additionally became a royal physician to Louis XV in 1761. In 1786 he was succeeded as professor of botany by René Louiche Desfontaines." (David Hollombe, pers. comm.; Wiki-
pedia). A correspondent from Berlin provided some additional details, to wit: He was first interested in physics but then became a doctor at the Hospital in St.Germain-en-Laye. In his leisure time he was appointed a gard-
ener and loved all botany. In 1739 he accompanied AlexandreComte de Cassini in his travel and observations, which were described in "Observations d'histoire naturelle, faites dan les regions meridionales de la France." As early as 1743 he was inducted into the Academie des sciences, and in 1745 into the Royal Society of London. From 1758-1786 Le Monnier was professor of botany at the Jardin du Roi in Paris. He was associated there with the naturalists René Louiche Desfontaines and Jacques-Julien Houtou de Labillardière, and the horticulturist Pierre Poivre. He introduced new and rare plants into the Royal Garden at the Trianon at Versailles. He also knew Andre Michaux and sent seeds to Linnaeus with whom he had visited. He had made good contacts with Antoine and Bernard de Jussieu as well as Jean-Jacques Rousseau. Le Monnier was from 1761 personal physician to Louis XV, then to Louis XVI, whom he visited while he was in prison. (Lotte Burkhardt, pers. comm.)

monroi: for Claude Frederick Hugh Monro (1863-1918), collected Dyschoriste monroi, author of Some Indigenous Trees of Southern Rhodesia, also two papers on the grasses of Rhodesia.

Monsonia: for Lady Ann Monson (née Vane) (1714-1776), great-granddaughter of Charles II, botanical collector at the Cape and in Bengal, and correspondent of Linnaeus. (CRC World Dictionary of Plant Names)

Montanoa: for Don Luis José Montaña Carrascó (1755-1820), a Mexican politician, physician and amateur botanist in the 1800's (Elsa Pooley) and Juan José Martinez de Lexarza (1785-1824). (CRC World Dictionary of Plant Names; David Hollombe, pers. comm.)

Montbretia: for Antoine François Ernest Coquebert de Montbret (1781-1801), French botanist, was with Napoleon in Egypt 1798. (CRC World Dictionary of Plant Names)

monteiroae: for Mrs. Rose Monteiro (1840-1897), botanist and plant collector, and wife of Joaquim John Monteiro (1833-1878), who collected in 1876 in South Africa, Angola and Mozambique, among other places.

Montinia: for Lars Jonasson Montin (1723-1785), Swedish botanist and physician, botanical collector and pupil of Linnaeus. (CRC World Dictionary of Plant Names)

mooreanus (Senecio): for Dr. David Moore?

moorei: for Dr. David Moore (1838-1879) who grew plants of Crinum moorei which were used to describe the species by 19th century botanist, Sir Joseph Dalton Hooker, while he was director of the Royal Botanical Gardens at Kew in London. Dr. Moore, director of the Glasnevin Botanical Gardens in Dublin, received the seed from a British soldier named Webb who collected it in KwaZulu-Natal during the 1860's. (PlantzAfrica) "David Moore's contribution to the Gardens, to its plant collections and to its reputation nationally and internationally is unsurpassed. His interests and abilities were wide ranging; he had studied the flora of Antrim and Derry, fungi, algae, lichens, bryophytes, ferns and flowering plants, before taking up his post at Glasnevin. While at Glasnevin he developed links with Botanic Gardens in Britain, in Europe and in Australia (his brother Charles became Director at Sydney). Moore used the great interest in plants that existed among the estate owners and owners of large gardens in Ireland to expand trial grounds for rare plants not expected to thrive at Glasnevin. The collections at Kilmacurragh, Headford and Fota, for example, attest to this. It was David Moore who first noted potato blight in Ireland at Glasnevin on 20th August 1845 and predicted that the impact on the potato crop would lead to famine in Ireland. He continued to investigate the cause of the blight and correctly identified it as a fungus but narrowly missed finding a remedy. David Moore was succeeded by his son Freder-
ick, who was made Curator at the age of twenty-two. Some of the gardening establishment figures of the day were sceptical that such a young man would be up to the job. Frederick Moore soon justified his appointment and went on to establish Glasnevin as one of the great gardens of the world. In due course he was knighted for his services to horticulture." (website of Glasnevin Botanical Garden)

mooreiana: for Spencer Le Marchant Moore (1850-1931), British botanist who worked at the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew and the Natural History Museum.

Moquinia/Moquiniella: for Christian Horace Bénédict Alfred Moquin-Tandon (1804-1863), French botanist, naturalist, pupil of A.P. de Candolle, Director of the Botanic Garden of Toulouse 1834-1853, professor of botany at the Faculté de Médecine at Paris, and one of the founders of the Société Botanique de France. (CRC World Dictionary of Plant Names)

Moraea: the name Morea was originally intended by Philip Miller to commemorate the British amateur botanist and natural historian Robert More (1703-1780), traveller, friend of Linnaeus, and Fellow of the Royal Society of London, but apparently he changed the name to honor Dr. Johan Moraeus, the town physician of Falun and father of Sara Elizabeth Moraea, wife of Linnaeus. (CRC World Dictionary of Plant Names)

morganii (Conophytum):

morrisiae: for Mrs. G. Morris (fl. 1937), mother of South African botanist Mrs. Doreen Court. (Etymological Dictionary of Succulent Plant Names)

mortonius: for a certain Mr. Morton who sent plants of this species to Great Britain. (www.safricanbulbs.org)

Mossia/mossiana/mossianum/mossianus/mossii: for Charles Edward Moss (1870/72-1930), British botanist, Curator of the Cambridge Herbarium, professor of botany at the South African School of Mines and Technology which later became the University of Witwatersrand, plant collector and botanical explorer, Fellow of the Linnean Society, died in South Africa. (CRC World Dictionary of Plant Names)

mostertiae: for Aletta Johanna Mostert, of the farm Claudskraal on the Bokkeveld escarpment near Nieuwoudtville. She sent the first recorded specimens of this species to the N.B.G. at Kirstenbosch in 1920. (IBSA Bulb Chat June 2002)

mostertii: for Louis Mostert, a keen and interested landowner in the Wolseley area. (PlantzAfrica)

mougeotii/mougeotina: for Dr. Jean Baptiste Mougeot (1776-1858), French botanist, geologist, mycologist and physician.

moylei (Ornithogalum): for William Moyle Rogers?

muddii: for Christopher Mudd (1852-1920), Australian forest ecologist and botanist.

Muellerella (Verrucariaceae):

muelleri/muellerianum: for Baron Ferdinand Jacob Heinrich von Mueller (1825-1896), a German-Australian physician, geographer and botanist, Government Botanist for Victoria, established the National Herbarium of Victoria, Director of the Royal Botanic Gardens at Melbourne, and was the author of the two-volume Plants of Victoria and the eleven-volume Fragmenta phytographica Australiae. He was decorated by many countries and knighted in 1879. (Wikipedia)

Muiria/muiriana/muirii: for Dr. John Muir (1874-1947), Scottish naturalist, physician, and cultural historian, an enthusiastic plant collector who came to the Cape in 1896, practised at Worcester and other places, and finally settled in Riversdale, and who contributed greatly to our knowledge of the plants of this area, made the first collection of Salvia muirii in 1915. He was particularly interested in drift-seeds and wrote articles, many in Afrikaans, on botany, medicine and folklore. He had a collection of seashells which was donated to the South Africa Museum, and he was the author of a monograph entitled "Sea-drift of South Africa." (PlantzAfrica, CRC World Dictionary of Plant Names, Gunn & Codd)

Mundia/mundiana/mundii: for Johannes Ludwig Leopold Mund (often and incorrectly spelled Mundt) (1791-1831), a Prussian pharmacist, botanist, land surveyor and plant collector who was originally sent to the Cape by the Prussian government as a plant collector and arrived in 1816. He visited with Von Chamisso when he stopped at the Cape in the Rurik in 1818. Staying on the ship overnight, he was surprised on awakening to find that the Rurik had set sail, forcing him to seek a transfer to another ship going the opposite way. At some point he and his Prussian companion Louis Maire were recalled because the Prussian government claimed they had not heard from them in two years, but they ignored this recall and their services were terminated. Other collectors apparently were also not satisfied with his collecting rigor and yet his name was placed on a number of taxa by such botanists as Johann Friedrich Klotsch, Carl Daniel Freidrich Meisner, Christian Gottfried Daniel Nees von Esenbeck and Karl Wilhelm Ludwig Pappe, so he must have been considered significant within the botanical community. The genus Mundia was named in 1821 by German botanist Karl Sigismund Kunth. (Elsa Pooley; David Hollombe, pers. comm.; Gunn & Codd)

munroi: for Hugh Kenneth Munro (1894-1973 or 1986), entomologist and plant collector.

Muraltia: for Johannes von Muralt (1645-1733), Swiss surgeon and botanist, anatomist, professor of physics and mathematics at the Zürich Collegium Carolinum, helped to found the teaching of anatomy and medicine there, prolific writer on surgery, anatomy, obstetrics, biology, pathology, philosphy, zoology, botany and general medicine, producing several significant medical books along the way. He was superstitious and believed that the Devil played a large part in the ills of mankind. He was a member of a prominent family most of whom where physicians beginning with Johannes Muralt (Muralto) who emigrated from Locarno to Zürich in 1555. He was elected to the Academia Naturae Curiosorum in 1685. (CRC World Dictionary of Plant Names, Johannes von Muralt edited by Urs Boschung, 1983)

Murdannia: for Murdann Ali (Aly), Indian plant collector, keeper of the Herbarium at Saharanpur Botanic Garden and expert on Himalayan flora. (CRC World Dictionary of Plant Names)

muschleriana: for Reinhold (Reno) Conrad Muschler (1883-1957), German botanist and explorer.

nebrowniana/nebrownii: for Nicholas Edward Brown (1849-1934), a taxonomist based at Kew Herbarium. "Nicholas Edward Brown was an English plant taxonomist and authority on succulents, Asclepiadaceae, Mesembryanthemaceae, Labiatae and Cape plants. He started work as an assistant in the Herbarium at Kew in 1873, and was Assistant Keeper from 1909-1914. His drawings of succulent plants were made in connection with his revision of the genus Mesembryanthemum, which appeared in 1931, and are accompanied by detailed annotations. He was the author of important works on plant taxonomy particularly succulent plants. He was awarded the Capt. Scott Memorial Medal by the South African Biological Society in recognition of his work on South African flora, and in 1932 an honorary D.Sc. was conferred on him by the University of the Witwaters-
rand. His publications appeared mainly in the Kew Bull. and in Flora Capensis." (Wikipedia)

Neesenbeckia/neesii: for Christian Gottfried Daniel Nees von Esenbeck (1776-1858), German botanist and physician, zoologist, professor of botany and botanical collector, who described about 7,000 plant species, almost as many as Linnaeus; his special interest was fungi. He was president of the German Academy of Sciences Leopoldina and his last act was to admit Charles Darwin as a member. (Etymological Dictionary of Grasses)

neethlingiae/neethlingii: for Dr. Marie Murray Neethling (later Mrs. Vogts) (1908- ), South African botanist and agriculturist, Protea specialist and author of the first popular book on the family, Proteas, Know Them and Grow Them, wife of Bernard C. Vogts. He is commemorated with Caloplaca neethlingii and Delosperma neethlingiae. (Etymological Dictionary of Succulent Plant Names, Gunn & Codd)

Negria: for Cristoforo Negri (1809-1896), Italian geographer and politician. (CRC World Dictionary of Plant Names)

neilii: for a Mr. Neil (fl. 1928-1933), dairy farmer and nurseryman in the Western Cape.

neilsoniae (Cryophytum):

Nelia/nelii: for Gert Cornelius Nel (1885-1950), South African botanist, plant collector and cactus specialist, professor of botany at Stellenbosch University 1921-1950. (Etymological Dictionary of Succulent Plant Names)

Nelsia/nelsii: probably for Louis Nels (1855-1910), German government official in German South-West Africa who collected there around 1890 according to the Harvard University Herbaria index of botanists. Trained as a lawyer, he became a colonial judge before assuming the role of Reichskommissar. The name was published by Hans Schinz in 1911 and according to David Hollombe, the author cited a collection made by Nels near Windhoek and also cited as a synonym Sericocoma nelsii. It would seem coincidental for the name to be published only a year after Louis Nels died if it were intended to honor some other Nels. Specific epithets of nelsii such as Lonchocarpus nelsii, Euphorbia nelsii and Aptosimum nelsii were definitely for Louis Nels, but Philenoptera nelsii and Asparagus nelsii I don't know for sure. (Gunn & Codd, Wikipedia)

Nelsonia: for David Nelson (?-1789), British botanical collector. He was employed by Joseph Banks to collect specimens and received some training from Banks and from William Aiton before embarking on Cook's third and last voyage, 1776-1780. Upon returning he was a gardener for seven years at Kew Gardens. He was also assistant botanist on the infamous voyage of Captain Bligh's Bounty which was intended to bring back breadfruit from Tahiti. When the mutiny occurred, he was put in the boat with Bligh and the others, survived the legendary 3800-mile voyage to Timor, then a few days after arriving, caught a cold while botanizing in the mountains and died. (CRC World Dictionary of Plant Names)

nelsoniae (Khadia):

nelsonii: for William Nelson (1852-1922) of Bradway, British nurseryman, son of John Nelson, owner of the Thornbank Nurseries in Rotherham, Yorkshire, listed on JSTOR specimen records as either W. Nelson or W.C. Nelson which I think is the same person. According to JSTOR, the species Albuca nelsonii was discov-ered by the younger Nelson near the Umlayi river in Natal and sent by him to his father's nursery. Most taxa with this specific epithet likely honor William Nelson.

Neobakeria: for John Gilbert Baker (1834-1920), British botanist and botanical collector at the Herbarium of Kew Gardens for thirty-three years, during the last nine of which he was keeper of the herbarium, Fellow of the Royal and Linnean Societies. He was a prolific author and among his works were Flora of Mauritius and the Seychelles and Handbook of the Iridaea. His son was the botanist Edmund Gilbert Baker. (CRC World Dictionary of Plant Names)

Neoboivinella: for Louis Hyacinthe Boivin (1808-1852), French botanist, traveller and plant collector. (CRC World Dictionary of Plant Names)

Neobolusia: for Harry Bolus (1834-1911). (CRC World Dictionary of Plant Names)

neocumberlandia: so named for the resemblance of Xanthoparmelia neocumberlandii to X. cumberlandii which was described from a specimen from Cumberland, Maine.

Neodregea: for Isaac Louis Drège (1853-1921), son of Christian Friedrich Drège, trained as an apothecary like his father and collected plants in the Albany, Uitenhage and Port Elizabeth areas, published "A Preliminary List of Flowering Plants, Ferns and Fern Allies in the Port Elizabeth District" in S. Afr. J. of Science (1913).

Neoglaziovia: for Dr. Auguste Françoise Marie Glaziou (1828-1906), French landscape designer and botanist, plant collector in Brazil, director of parks and gardens in Rio de Janeiro, co-author with Antoine Laurent Apol-linaire Fée of the two-volume Cryptogames vasculaire du Brésil (1869-1873). The genus was published by German botanist and university professor Carl Christian Mez in 1894. (CRC World Dictionary of Plant Names)

Neohenricia: for Dr. Marguerite Gertrude Anna Henrici (1892-1971), Swiss plant physiologist and plant collector. She spent much of her life in the Orange Free State, obtaining a D.Sc. from the Univ. of South Africa for work on the content of Karoo shrubs and grasses, and the Division of Plant Industry built a well equipped laboratory for her in Fauresmith for study of problems connected mainly with Karoo vegetation. She collected some 6000-7000 specimens mainly from western OFS and Ermelo. She was also commemorated with the taxon Salsola henriciae. (CRC World Dictionary of Plant Names, Gunn & Codd)

Neoluederitzia: for Franz Adolph Eduard Lüderitz (1834-1896), brother of botanical collector August Lüderitz, perished in Namibia. (Gunn & Codd)

Neomuellera: for Jean Mueller (1828-1896), Swiss botanist, Curator of the Candolle herbarium 1851-1869, Curator of the Benjamin Delessert Herbarium 1869-1896, Director of the Genève Botanic Garden, professor of botany 1871-1889. (CRC World Dictionary of Plant Names)

Neopatersonia: for Mrs. Florence Mary Paterson (née Hallack) (1869-1936), botanical collector, wife of Mr. T.V. Paterson of South Africa. (CRC World Dictionary of Plant Names)

neopavonia: for José Antonio Pavón y Jiménez (1754-1840), Spanish botanist, traveller and explorer, was with Joseph Dombey and Hipólito Ruiz López in Chile and Peru on the first of three major botanical expeditions sent to the New World during the reign of Carlos III. With Ruiz López he authored Flora Peruviana et Chilensis in ten richly illustrated volumes. (CRC World Dictionary of Plant Names)

Neorautanenia: for Rev. Martti Rautanen (1845-1926), Russian-born Lutheran church missionary pioneer who went to South-West Africa, specifically Ovamboland in present-day Namibia, where he served more than 50 years. He was the director of the missionary station and his most important work was the translation of the Bible into Oshindonga. He amassed a significant collection of ethnography which is now housed at the National Museum of Finland, and sent plants that he collected to the University of Zurich. (Wikipedia, Gunn & Codd)

Neorosea: for Valentin Rose (1762-1807), German apothecary and pharmacologist, son of Valentin Rose the Elder (1736-1771). One of his sons was Heinrich Rose, the well-known German mineralogist and analytical chemist, and another was the mineralogist Gustav Rose. (CRC World Dictionary of Plant Names; David Hollombe, pers. comm.)

neostayneri: for Frank J. Stayner (1907-1981), South African horticulturist, specialist on succulent plants, assistant Superintendent of Parks in the Port Elizabeth Parks Department 1935-1946, Curator of the Karoo Botanic Gardens at Worcester 1959-1969. (Etymological Dictionary of Succulent Plant Names)

neoweberi: so named for the resemblance of Xanthoparmelia neoweberi to X. weberi which was discovered in Arizona by William Alfred Weber (1918- ), American lichenologist, Professor Emeritus at the University of Colorado at Boulder, and former curator of the University of Colorado Museum Herbarium. He has named well over three dozen lichen species as well as the genus Hubbsia, published in 1965, and the genus Xanthopsora which has now be-
come Xanthopsorella, published by Kalb and Hafellner. He is the author of Rocky Mountain Flora: A Field Guide for the Identification of the Ferns, Conifers, and Flowering Plants of the Southern Rocky Moun-
tains and co-author of Colorado Flora: Eastern Slope, as well as over 50 publications.

Neptunia: after Neptune, in Roma mythology the god of water, then after his identification with Poseidon in Greek mythology became the god of the sea. (CRC World Dictionary of Plant Names)

Nerine: after Nerine, in mythology a sea-nymph or nereid, daughter of Doris and Nereus, and granddaughter of Oceanus and Tethys. (CRC World Dictionary of Plant Names)

Nesaea: after Nesaea or Nesaie, in Greek mythology a sea nymph, one of the Neriads. (CRC World Dictionary of Plant Names)

nesemannii: for a Mr. A. Nesemann (fl. 1934), plant collector near Robertson in the Western Cape (Etymological Dictionary of Succulent Plant Names).

Nestlera: for Chrétien Géofroy Nestler (1778-1832), Alsatian botanist, professor of botany and pharmacy, student of French botanist Louis Claude Marie Richard, director of the botanical garden at Strasbourg, author of Index Plantarum quae in Horto Academ. Argentinensi (1818) and other botanical and pharmacological works (CRC World Dictionary of Plant Names, Wikipedia)

neuflizeana: for Baron Jean Abraham Andre (Andrew) III Poupart de Neuflize (1820-1868). (David Hollombe, pers. comm.)

Neumannia: for J.H.F. Neumann (1800-1858), French gardener. (CRC World Dictionary of Plant Names)

neumannii: for Oscar Rudolf Neumann (1867-1946), German ornithologist, travelled through Somaliland and Ethiopia collecting zoological specimens and describing many new African species, worked for many years in the Walter Rothschild Zoological Museum in the UK and then went to Cuba and Chicago where he worked in the Field Museum of Natural History.

Nevillea/nevillei: for Mr. Neville Stuart Pillans (1884-1964), South African botanist who assisted Prof. H.H.W. Pearson in selecting the Kirstenbosch site for the future National Botanical Garden, son of Charles Eustace Pillans.

newdigateae: for Miss Caroline Barbara Newdigate (1857-1937), South African plant collector who was acknowledged by Harry Bolus in his preface to Orchids of South Africa, Vol. 2. She sent orchid specimens to him and other specimens to Peter MacOwan at the government herbarium at Cape Town. She and her sisters also collected moths, butterflies and sea shells, and did most of her collecting in the area of Plettenberg Bay.

newii: for Charles New (1840-1875), British Methodist missionary in east Africa, author of Life, Wanderings and Labours in Eastern Africa (1873), made at least two attempts to climb to the summit of Mt. Kilimanjaro and was the first European to reach the snowline, took part in a search for David Livingstone, commemorated with the former taxon Gladiolus newii, now synonymized to G. dalenii. (David Hollombe, pers. comm.)

Newtonia: for Sir Isaac Newton (1642-1727), the great English physicist, mathematician and astronomer, author of the Philosophiae Naturalis Principia Mathematica, one of the most significant works in the history of science. The genus name was published in 1888 by Henri Ernest Baillon. I have no idea why he chose to honor Newton in this fashion. There is also a genus Newtonia in the Asteraceae which does not appear in southern Africa and honors another Newton which may be the individual referred to in the following entry. (CRC World Dictionary of Plant Names, Stafleu & Cowan)

newtonii: for Francisco Xavier Oakley de Aguiar Newton (1864-1909), Portuguese botanist and plant collector in Angola, whose father Isaac Newton (1840-1906) worked in the Botanic Garden of Porto. Two taxa, Athyrium newtonii and Willkommia newtonii, were collected by an F. Newton. (Etymological Dictionary of Grasses, JSTOR)

Nicandra: for Nikander of Colophon (c.100-150 AD), Greek botanist and physician, poet and medical writer. (CRC World Dictionary of Plant Names)

nicholsonii: for (1) Hugh Barry Nicholson (1906-1998), South African amateur botanist, collector in South Africa with R.G. Strey (Cussonia) or (2) Dr. T.G. Nicholson (probably Thomas Goddard) (1862-1932), plant collector, graduated with a degree in chemistry from University of London 1890, then studied medicine, served in the Royal Army Medical Corps in WWI (Aneilema). (David Hollombe, pers. comm.)

nicklesii: for Maurice Charles Dominique Nicklès (1907-1980), French geologist, engineer, cartographer and malacologist in French West Africa, collected mainly ferns in Cameroun, the Congo, Guinea, Mali, Senegal and Gabon, also authored a book on the molluscs of the western coast of Africa. The taxon in southern Africa that bears this specific epithet is the fern Doryopteris nicklesii. (Pers. comm. Denis Mouren, grandson of M. Nicklès)

nicolai: for Grand Duke Nikolai Nikolajevich (1831-1891), the third son of Nicholas I and Tsarina Alexandra, and brother of the assassinated Tsar Alexander II, Field Marshal of the Russian army of the Danube in the Russo-Turkish War (1877–1878), norotious womanizer, expert on cattle, purebred dogs, horse breeding, and fishing, and sponsor of the Russian Horticultural Society of St. Petersburg. In 1890, Nicholas Nicolaievich was declared insane and kept locked indoors in Crimea where he died in April 1891. The taxon which bears his name is Strelitzia nicolai. (David Hollombe, pers. comm.; Wikipedia)

Nicolasia: for Dr. Nicholas Edward Brown (1849-1934), Kew Gardens botanist. (CRC World Dictionary of Plant Names)

Nicolsonia: for Père Jean Barthélemy Maximilien Nicolson (1734-1773), a Dominican priest and superior in Haiti. (CRC World Dictionary of Plant Names)

Nicotiana: for Jean Nicot (1530-1600), French diplomat, ambassador to Portugal, introduced tobacco into France and Portugal. (CRC World Dictionary of Plant Names)

Niebuhria: for Carsten Niebuhr (1733-1815), German-born Danish botanist, traveller and explorer, sole survivor of Pehr Forsskål's expedition to Arabia in 1760, member of the Royal Society of Göttingen and foreign member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, author of Description of Arabia (1772), Travels Through Arabia (1774), and other work that would prove important to the decipherment of cuneiform writing. (CRC World Dictionary of Plant Names, Wikipedia)

Nierembergia: for Juan Eusebio Nieremberg (1595-1658), Spanish Jesuit born of German parents, author, mystic, and first professor of natural history at Madrid. (CRC World Dictionary of Plant Names)

nissenii: for a Mr. Nissen (fl. 1923?). (Etymological Dictionary of Succulent Plant Names)

Nivenia/niveniana/nivenii: for James Niven (1776-1827), soometimes recorded as Nevin, an avid gardener and plant collector. The seed of N. corymbosa was collected by Niven on one of his journeys to Cape Town (1798-1803), and the seed was raised in the garden of his patron, George Hibbert, in Clapham, London. Plants flowered there for the first time in 1805 and were described as Witsenia corymbosa. Niven was gardener at the Royal Botanic Garden of Edinburgh and at Syon House, Middlesex. He spent more than a dozen years at the Cape collecting herbarium specimens, seeds and bulbs. Contrary to popular myths, his wife Alison Abernethy Niven did not die the instant his corpse left the door of their house, but some weeks later, and he was not the father of (nor was connected in any way with) Ninian Niven, one-time curator of the Royal Dublin Society's Botanic Gardens at Glasnevin. He had only been back in England for three months when he returned to South Africa as a botanical collector for the Empress Josephine of France and this time spent nine years there. (Plantz-
Africa, CRC World Dictionary of Plant Names, Wikipedia, Article on James Niven in Kew Bulletin by E. Charles Nelson and John P. Rourke, Gunn & Codd)

nixonianum: for Kenneth Nixon, plant collector in South Africa.

Nolletia: for Abbé Jean Antoine Nollet (1700-1770), French clergyman, the first professor of experimental physics at the University of Paris, did much work in the new field of electricity, inventor of the electroscope, a device to detect the presence of an electrical charge, credited with the discovery of osmosis through a membrane, member of the Royal Society of London. (CRC World Dictionary of Plant Names, Wikipedia)

Noltea: for Ernst Ferdinand Nolte (1791-1875), German botanist and physician, professor of botany at the University of Kiel. (CRC World Dictionary of Plant Names)

nolteei: for Frans K.A. Noltee (fl. 2000), Dutch succulent plant enthusiast, horticulturist and photographer, creator of a 3-volume CD set entitled Succulents in the Wild and in Cultivation containing some 5000 photographs.

nordenstamii: for Prof. Rune Bertil Nordenstam (1936- ), Swedish botanist and professor emeritus at the Swedish Museum of Natural History in the Department of Phanerogamic Botany, plant collector in Namibia and RSA (Etymological Dictionary of Succulent Plant Names, Wikipedia)

norlindhii: for Nils Tycho Norlindh (1906- ), Swedish plant collector in South Africa and Zimbabwe, author of Flora of the Mongolian Steppe and Desert Areas.

northiae: for Marianne North (1830-1890), Victorian traveller and botanical artist (Elsa Pooley)

nortieri: for Dr. P.L. Nortier (fl. 1946) of Clanwilliam, Western Cape. (Etymological Dictionary of Succulent Plant Names)

norwalteri: the name Xanthoparmelia norwalteri was chosen to distinguish this taxon from Xanthoparmelia walteri, from which it differs in chemical composition, and so it might be said that it is indirectly named for German botanist/plant collectors Heinrich and Erna Walter. See walteri.

nouchali: for a certain Nouchal. (Hugh Clarke, pers. comm.)

nouhuysii: for Jan Jozua van Nouhuys (1903-1940), plant collector in Mozambique and South Africa, artist, horticulturist and geologist, came to Pretoria in 1921, appointed 1925 gardener in charge of the Division of Botany garden, South African Air Force at the beginning of WWII but died in a plane crash near Nairobi in 1940. (Gunn & Codd)

nussbaumerianus: for Ernst Nussbaumer (fl. 1935), head gardener at the Botanical Garden, Bremen, Germany. (Etymological Dictionary of Succulent Plant Names)

Nuxia: for M. Jean Baptiste François de la Nux (Lanux) (1702-1772), a French amateur botanist on Reunion Island. (PlantzAfrica, CRC World Dictionary of Plant Names)

Nylandtia: for Petrus (Peter) Nylandt, a Dutch botanist and physician. Nylandtia spinosa was first described as Polygala spinosa by Linnaeus in 1751 and 1753. The Belgian botanist Barthelemy Dumortier (1822) recognized that it belonged to a genus different from Polygala and named it Nylandtia for some unknown reason. (PlantzAfrica, CRC World Dictionary of Plant Names)

Nymania: for Carl Fredrik Nyman (1820-1893), Swedish botanist, Curator of the Swedish Museum of Natural History in Stockholm, author of Conspectus Florae Europaeae in 4 volumes (1878-1885) and Sylloge Florae Europaeae (1854-1855). There is also a genus Nymania in the Euphorbiaceae family named for the same botanist but it does not appear in South Africa. (CRC World Dictionary of Plant Names, Wikipedia)

Nymphaea: in Greek mythology nymphaia referred to a water nymph. (CRC World Dictionary of Plant Names)

nysiae (Glottiphyllum):

oakesiorum: the '-iorum' ending typically indicates that it commemorates more than one person. There is a JSTOR specimen record of Erica oakesiorum being collected by someone named Oakes and two other people. It is likely since this plant was found near Greyton that this specific epithet commemorates John and Nerine Oakes of Greyton, who contributed data to the Protea Atlas Project. (David Hollombe, pers. comm.)

oatesii: for Frank Oates (1840-1875), naturalist and traveller. (Elsa Pooley)

obermeijerae: see the following entry. The taxon in southern Africa with this specific epithet is the former Indigofera obermeijerae, now synonymized to I. lyalli. (David Hollombe, pers. comm.)

obermeyerae: for Miss Anna Amelia Obermeyer (later to become Mrs. Amelia Mauve) (1907-2001), a South African botanist at the National Herbarium, Pretoria. She was the Curator of the Transvaal Museum Herbarium. She has published many contributions to South African flora in Bothalia, Flora of Southern Africa, Flowering Plants of Africa and Kirkia. She was honored with the names Hemizygia obermeyerae, Blepharis obermey-
erae, Syncolostemon obermeyerae, and Ornithogalum annae-ameliae. (Gunn & Codd)

Oberonia: after Oberon, the mythological King of the Fairies and husband of Titania. (CRC World Dictionary of Plant Names)

obrienii: for James O'Brien (1842-1930), an English orchid grower.

oconnorii: for Alexander James O'Connor (1884-1957), South African forestry officer who served in the Royal Light Horse, and worked in the Western Province, Transkei, Knysna and northern Transvaal, became Deputy Director and then Director of Forestry.

odetteae: for Odette Cumming, wife of David M. Cumming.

Odyssea: after Odysseus also known as Ulysses. (CRC World Dictionary of Plant Names)

Oedera/oederianus:  for Georg Christian Oeder (1728-91), professor of botany in Copenhagen, author of Flora Danica (Hugh Clarke, pers. comm.)

oertendahlii: for Ivar Anders Oertendahl (1870-1935), former head gardener of Uppsala University Botanic Gardens in Sweden. (Elsa Pooley)

Oftia: obscure, name published by Michel Adanson (1727-1806), who named the genus for a friend, M. Oft; the name was unexplained (Hugh Clarke, pers. comm.)

Ohlendorffia/ohlendorfiana: unstated for either species or genera, but probably for J. H. Ohlendorff (?-1857), 19th century gardener/architect/curator of Hamburg Botanical Garden, since he worked for Lehmann, who named Ohlendorffia, and Ecklon was living in Hamburg when he named Polygala ohlendorfianua. However the possibility that one or the other commemorates Dr. Christian Friedrich Ohlendorff, a Holstein botanist, cannot be discounted. (David Hollombe, pers. comm.)

Oldenburgia: for Franz Pehr Oldenburg (1740-1774), plant collector for Kew Gardens, and a companion of the botanists Thunberg and Masson on their travels to South Africa. Oldenburg died of fever in Madagascar in 1774. (PlantzAfrica)

Oldenlandia: for Henrik (Hendrik) Bernard Oldenland (c.1663-1699), Danish botanist and physician, naturalist and plant collector at the Cape, Curator-Superintendent of the Botanical Garden of the Dutch East India Company. Date of death sometimes given as 1697. (CRC World Dictionary of Plant Names)

Olinia: for Johan Henrik Olin (1769-1824), Swedish botanist, student of Thunberg and author. (CRC World Dictionary of Plant Names)

Oliverella: for Daniel Oliver (1830-1916), British botanist who worked at the Kew Herbarium, professor of botany at University College, London, Fellow of the Royal and Linnean Societies. (CRC World Dictionary of Plant Names)

oliveranum/oliveri: for (1) Edward George Hudson (Ted) Oliver (1938- ), South African botanist specializing in Ericoids, Curator of the Government Herbarium at Stellenbosch, Curator of the National Herbarium in Pretoria, a researcher at the National Botanical Institute at Kirstenbosch, co-author of Ericas in Southern Africa (1967) and Field Guide to the Ericas of the Cape Peninsula (2000), research fellow in the Department of Botany and Zoology at Stellenbosch University (Erica), or (2) Daniel Oliver (1830-1916), Keeper of Kew Herbarium for 26 years (Commiphora, Impatiens, Heliotropium).

olivettiana (Haworthia):

ommanneyi: the JSTOR list of plant collectors and the Harvard University Herbarium list of botanists both include a Capt. Henry Travers Ommanney (1849-1936) who was in the Indian Civil Service and collected in South Africa, so this is likely the derivation of this epithet.

orpeniae: for Kate Orpen (1870-1943), plant collector in South Africa, see following entry. (JSTOR)

orpenii: for Mr. Redmond Newenham Morris Orpen (1864-1940) of Kleinzee, Northern Cape, who was apparently interested in astronomy as well as botany. He was the brother of Katherine Irene Theodora Orpen. (Etymological Dictionary of Succulent Plant Names)

Orphium: after Orpheus, in Greek mythology a poet and musician, and one of the Argonauts. (CRC World Dictionary of Plant Names)

orsmondiae (Ruschia):

osbornei: for David Osborne, Nature Conservator for the Klein Swartberg Mountains, who discovered Leucadendron osbornei only in 1994. (Colin Paterson-Jones)

Osmunda: the CRC World Dictionary of Plant Names says "Uncertain attribution, French osmunde, English osmund, of unknown origin, possibly after the Saxon Osmunder, a name for Thor, the god of war, or for Osmundus, c. 1025, a Scandinavian writer of runes, or after Osmun, Bishop of Salisbury, d. 1099." However, Geoffrey Andrew's Fernkloof Plant Names Explained relates the following Legend Of Osmund The Waterman which is quoted from Notes and Queries, Second Series, Volume VIII (1859): "At Loch Tyne dwelt the waterman old Osmund.  Fairest among maidens was the daughter of Osmund the waterman. Her light brown hair and glowing cheek told of her Saxon origin, and her light steps bounded over the green turf like a young fawn in his native glades.  Often, in the stillness of a summer's even, did the mother and her fair-haired child sit beside the lake to watch the dripping and the plashing of the father's oars, as he skimmed right merrily towards them on the deep blue waters.  Sounds, as of hasty steps, were heard one day, and presently a company of fugitives told with breathless haste that the cruel Danes were making towards the ferry. Osmund heard them with fear. Suddenly the shouts of furious men came remotely on the ear. The fugitives rushed on, and Osmund stood for a moment, when, snatching up his oars, he rowed his trembling wife and fair child to a small island, covered with the great Osmund Royal, and, assisting them to land, enjoined them to lie down beneath the tall ferns. Scarcely had the ferryman returned to his cottage, when a company of Danes rushed in; but they hurt him not, for they knew he could do them service. During the day and night did Osmund row backwards and forwards across the river, ferrying troops of those fierce men; and when the last company was put on shore, you might have seen Osmund kneeling beside the river's bank, and returning heartfelt thanks to Heaven for the preservation of his wife and child. Often in after years did Osmund speak of that day's peril; and his fair child, grown up to womanhood, called the tall fern by her father's name." The fact that Osmunda is a genus of ferns lends some credence to this story. PlantzAfrica states that the name may derive from "combining the Latin os (= mouth) and mundus (= clean), as it was reputedly used to clean the mouth. Another possibility is that it was named after King Osmund, who reigned over the South Saxons about 758 A.D." So this is another of the many mysteries of the botanical nomenclature of Southern Africa.

ottoniana: for Friedrich Otton, Garden Director of Schoneberg, Germany in 1800's. (Elsa Pooley)

ottonis: for (1) Eduard Otto (1812-1885), botanical collector in Cuba and Venezuela; later, curator of Hamburg botanic garden; or (2) his father Frederich Otto (1782-1856), curator of the Berlin Botanic Garden (Hugh Clarke, pers. comm.)

Ottosonderia/ottosonderi: for Otto Wilhelm Sonder (1812-1881), German botanist and pharmacist, botanical explorer and plant collector, co-author with William H. Harvey of the first three volumes of Flora capensis. (CRC World Dictionary of Plant Names)

otzeniana/otzenianum/otzenii: for Max Otzen, German emigre to Namibia then South Africa, succulent plant enthusiast.

owanii: for Peter MacOwan (1830-1909), South African botanist, rector and head of natural sciences at Gill College, Somerset East, South Africa, father-in-law of Selmar Schonland (founder of the botany department at Rhodes University).

oweniae (Clematis):

owenii: for Virgil Williams Owen (1878-1954). (David Hollombe, pers. comm.)